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Trends of labile trace metals in tropical urban water under highly contrasted weather conditions

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Abstract

The spatio-temporal trend of trace metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in a tropical urban estuary under the influence of monsoon was determined using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) in situ samplers. Three different climatic periods were observed: period 1, dry with dredging activity; period 2, intermediate meaning from dry to wet event; and period 3, wet having continuous rainfall. Conforming to monsoon regimes, these periods correspond to the following: transition from winter to summer, winter, and summer monsoons, respectively. The distinction of each period is defined by their specific hydrological and physico-chemical conditions. Substantial concentrations of the trace metals were detected. The distribution and trend of the trace metals under the challenge of a tropical climate were able to follow using DGT as a sensitive in situ sampler. In order to identify the differences among periods, statistical analyses were performed. This allowed discriminating period 2 (oxic water) as significantly different compared to other periods. The spatio-temporal analysis was then applied in order to distinguish the trend of the trace metals. Results showed that the trend of trace metals can be described according to their response to (i) seasonal variations (Cd and Cr), (ii) spatio-temporal conditions (Co, Cu, Ni, and Pb), and (iii) neither (i) nor (ii) meaning exhibiting no response or having constant change (Zn). The correlation of the trace metals and the physico-chemical parameters reveals that Cd, Co, Cu, and Cr are proportional to the dissolved oxygen (DO), Cd and Ni are correlated pH, and Zn lightly influenced by salinity.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Lyonnaise des Eaux Company, Bordeaux, France and was done with the help of the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC), LCDR Christopher Meniado of the Philippine Coast Guards (PCG) and his staff, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment-Environmental Management Bureau (DENR-EMB), and Dr. Gemma Narisma, Genie Lorenzo, and James Simpas of the Manila Observatory. The authors are also grateful to the French Embassy in the Philippines for giving financial assistance for field mobility, the European Union ERASMUS MUNDUS External Cooperation Window (ECW) Lot 12/13, and the Bourse Eiffel Excellence (Programme 2012-2013) from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for providing the academic grant and to Prof. Jorg Schäfer, Dr. Farah Homsi, and Mr. Patrick Sin for all their technical inputs and support and M. Jean Bernard Delmas for his encouragements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, EA 4592 Géoressources & Environnement, ENSEGID, 1 allée F. Daguin, F-33607, Pessac, France

    J. D. Villanueva & P. Le Coustumer

  2. Université de Bordeaux, I2M-GCE, B18 Avenue des facultés, 33405, Talence, France

    J. D. Villanueva, A. Denis & N. Peyraube

  3. Los Baños, School of Science and Environmental Management, College, University of the Philippines, Laguna, 4031, Philippines

    J. D. Villanueva & M. V. O. Espaldon

  4. Mathematics Department, Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, 4328, Quezon, Philippines

    R. Abuyan

  5. Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d’Hydrogéologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, F-20250, Corte, France

    F. Huneau

  6. CNRS, UMR 6134, SPE, F-20250, Corte, France

    F. Huneau

  7. Université d’Orléans, UMR CNRS 7327, ISTO, Campus Géosciences, 1A rue de la Férollerie, F-45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France

    M. Motelica-Heino

  8. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, BP 10448, 63038, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    H. Celle-Jeanton

  9. CNRS, UMR 6524, LMV, 63038, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    H. Celle-Jeanton

  10. IRD, R 163, LMV, 63038, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    H. Celle-Jeanton

  11. Department of Environmental Science, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Height, Quezon, 1108, Philippines

    T. R. Perez

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  1. J. D. Villanueva
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  2. P. Le Coustumer
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  3. A. Denis
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Correspondence to P. Le Coustumer.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Villanueva, J.D., Le Coustumer, P., Denis, A. et al. Trends of labile trace metals in tropical urban water under highly contrasted weather conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 13842–13857 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4835-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4835-6

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