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Recent advances in arsenic bioavailability, transport, and speciation in rice

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Abstract

Widespread arsenic (As) contamination in paddy rice (Oryza sativa) from both geologic and anthropogenic origins is an increasing concern globally. Substantial efforts have been made to elucidate As transformation and uptake processes in rhizosphere and metabolism in rice plant, which provides an essential foundation for the development of mitigation strategies. However, a range of crucial mechanisms from As mobilization in rhizosphere to transport to grains remain poorly understood. To provide new insight into the underlying mechanisms of As accumulation in rice, a range of new perspectives on As bioavailability, transport pathways, and in situ speciation are reviewed here. Specifically, the prominent effects of water regime, Fe plaque, and biochar on As mobilization in rice rhizosphere are discussed critically. An updated understanding of arsenite (AsIII) and methylated As transport from root to vascular bundle and grain is integrated and discussed in detail. Special attention is given to As speciation and distribution in rice grain with potential coping strategies being provided and discussed. Future research priorities are also identified. The new insight into As bioavailability, transport and speciation in rice would lead to a better understanding of As contamination in rice. They would also provide useful strategies from agronomic measures to genetic engineering for more effective restriction of As transport and accumulation in food chain.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41301339), the Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province (China), Aid program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province, and Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 13JJ4044 ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China

    Xin Wang, Bo Peng & Changyin Tan

  2. Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Lena Ma

  3. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210046, China

    Lena Ma

  4. Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Bala Rathinasabapathi

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Correspondence to Xin Wang.

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Wang, X., Peng, B., Tan, C. et al. Recent advances in arsenic bioavailability, transport, and speciation in rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 5742–5750 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-4065-3

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