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Enhancing phytoextraction of Cd by combining poplar (clone “I-214”) with Pseudomonas fluorescens and microbial consortia

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Abstract

The plant–microorganism combinations may contribute to the success of phytoextraction of heavy metal-polluted soil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) soil concentration on selected physiological parameters of the poplar clone “I-214” inoculated at root level with a strain (BT4) of Pseudomonas fluorescens and a commercial product based on microbial consortia (Micosat F Fito®). Plants were subjected to Cd treatment of 40 mg kg−1 in greenhouse. The effects of plant–microbe interactions, plant growth, leaf physiology, and microbial activity were periodically monitored. Metal concentration and translocation factors in plant tissues proved enhanced Cd uptake in roots of plants inoculated with P. fluorescens and transfer to shoots in plants inoculated with Micosat F Fito®, suggesting a promising strategy for using microbes in support of Cd uptake. Plant–microbe integration increased total removal of Cd, without interfering with plant growth, while improving the photosynthetic capacity. Two major mechanisms of metal phytoextraction inducted by microbial inoculation may be suggested: improved Cd accumulation in roots inoculated with P. fluorescens, implying phytostabilization prospective and high Cd transfer to shoots of inoculated plants, outlining enhanced metal translocation.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge: the Project “Molecular, physiological, and agronomic analyzes for selecting and managing Salicacee in phytoremediation” (MIUR, PRIN 2008) for financial support; Prof. Arturo Alvino (University of Molise) for providing the photosynthesis system; Annachiara Di Niro and Carla Maglieri for help with measurements; Osservatorio regionale sulla qualità degli alimenti di origine vegetale of ARPA Molise (Environmental Protection Regional Agency) for Cd determination; CCS Aosta srl for supplying the Micosat F Fito®.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86090, Pesche, Italy

    Claudia Cocozza, Marco Marchetti & Roberto Tognetti

  2. Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy

    Domenico Vitullo, Giuseppe Lima & Lucia Maiuro

  3. The EFI Project Centre on Mountain Forests (MOUNTFOR), Edmund Mach Foundation, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, Italy

    Roberto Tognetti

Authors
  1. Claudia Cocozza
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  2. Domenico Vitullo
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  3. Giuseppe Lima
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  4. Lucia Maiuro
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  5. Marco Marchetti
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  6. Roberto Tognetti
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Correspondence to Claudia Cocozza.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Cocozza, C., Vitullo, D., Lima, G. et al. Enhancing phytoextraction of Cd by combining poplar (clone “I-214”) with Pseudomonas fluorescens and microbial consortia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 1796–1808 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2073-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2073-3

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