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Decolorization and detoxification of two textile industry effluents by the laccase/1-hydroxybenzotriazole system

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the optimal conditions for the decolorization and the detoxification of two effluents from a textile industry—effluent A (the reactive dye bath Bezactive) and effluent B (the direct dye bath Tubantin)—using a laccase mediator system. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize textile effluents decolorization. A Box–Behnken design using RSM with the four variables pH, effluent concentration, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) concentration, and enzyme (laccase) concentration was used to determine correlations between the effects of these variables on the decolorization of the two effluents. The optimum conditions for pH and concentrations of HBT, effluent and laccase were 5, 1 mM, 50 % and 0.6 U/ml, respectively, for maximum decolorization of effluent A (68 %). For effluent B, optima were 4, 1 mM, 75 %, and 0.6 U/ml, respectively, for maximum decolorization of approximately 88 %. Both effluents were treated at 30 °C for 20 h. A quadratic model was obtained for each decolorization through this design. The experimental and predicted values were in good agreement and both models were highly significant. In addition, the toxicity of the two effluents was determined before and after laccase treatment using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus, and germination of tomato seeds.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by a grant provided by IFS “International Foundation for Science.” The authors wish to thank Stat-Ease, Inc. for allowing the use of Design Expert 7.1 (trial version) in our study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Soukra, Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia

    Ouafa Benzina, Dalel Daâssi, Héla Zouari-Mechichi, Fakher Frikha & Tahar Mechichi

  2. Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK

    Steve Woodward

  3. Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH-2009, Neuchatel, Switzerland

    Lassaad Belbahri

  4. Unit of Environmental Engineering, CEIT, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 15, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain

    Susana Rodriguez-Couto

Authors
  1. Ouafa Benzina
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  2. Dalel Daâssi
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  3. Héla Zouari-Mechichi
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  5. Steve Woodward
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  6. Lassaad Belbahri
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  8. Tahar Mechichi
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Correspondence to Tahar Mechichi.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Benzina, O., Daâssi, D., Zouari-Mechichi, H. et al. Decolorization and detoxification of two textile industry effluents by the laccase/1-hydroxybenzotriazole system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 5177–5187 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1491-6

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