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A Sequential Tensile Method for Rapid Characterization of Extreme-value Behavior in Microfabricated Materials

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Abstract

A high-throughput sequential tensile test method has been developed to characterize the fracture strength distribution of microfabricated polycrystalline silicon, the primary structural material used in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The resulting dataset of over 1,000 microtensile tests reveals subtle extreme-value behavior in the tails of the distribution, demonstrating that the common two-parameter Weibull distribution is inferior to a three-parameter Weibull model. The results suggest the existence of a cut-off or threshold stress (1.446 GPa for this particular material) below which tensile failure will not occur. The existence of a cut-off stress suggests that the material’s flaw size distribution and toughness distribution are both also bounded. From an application perspective, the cut-off stress provides a statistically-sound basis for reliable design. While the sequential method is demonstrated here for tensile strength distributions in polycrystalline silicon MEMS, the technique could be extended to a wide range of mechanical tests (bending strength, elastic modulus, fracture toughness, creep, etc.) for both microsystem and conventional materials.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank T. Crenshaw for laboratory support, Dr. J.R. Michael, B. McKenzie, R. Grant for SEM imaging, and Drs. J.W. Foulk, M.P de Boer, and E.D. Reedy, Jr. for useful discussions on this topic. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

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  1. Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS0889, Albuquerque, NM, 87185-0889, USA

    B. L. Boyce (SEM member)

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  1. B. L. Boyce
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Correspondence to B. L. Boyce.

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Boyce, B.L. A Sequential Tensile Method for Rapid Characterization of Extreme-value Behavior in Microfabricated Materials. Exp Mech 50, 993–997 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-009-9286-x

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