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The effects of aerobic exercise on blood plasma microRNA level in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Exercise training was found to trigger various phenotypic changes related to preventing numerous diseases. Additionally, it also influences the microRNA (miRNA) levels in the circulation. These miRNAs are non-coding RNA that regulate gene expressions by suppressing or degrading their target genes. However, it is still not clear whether miRNA changes due to exercise play a role in the mechanism of exercise in preventing disease.

Aim

To systematically collect and analyze the effects of aerobic exercises on plasma miRNA levels and discuss possible aerobic exercise mechanisms in preventing and controlling various chronic diseases through miRNA modification.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of articles from the Cochrane, PubMed, SAGE, and EBSCO databases with keywords related to “exercise”, “training”, and “miRNA”. Meta-analysis was conducted where possible.

Results

Twelve studies were included. Acute aerobic exercise increases miR-1, miR-133a, miR-206, miR-499, miR-126, and miR-146, with most significantly decreasing within 24 h. The changes in miRNAs were influenced by the exercise intensity (miR-1), exercise duration (miR-1, miR-133a, 146a), and subject’s fitness level (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-206, miR-21).

Conclusion

Besides playing a role in the process of physiological adaptation, the role of exercise in preventing and controlling various chronic diseases may occur through the pulsatile increase of various microRNAs, which have roles as tumor suppressor genes (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-206), anti-inflammatory agents (miR-126, miR-146a) and angiogenesis regulators (miR-126).

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Abbreviations

CAD:

Coronary arterial disease

CK:

Creatine kinase

c-Met:

Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor

GLUT4:

Glucose transporter type 4

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha

LASP1:

LIM and SH3 Protein 1

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MEF2:

Myocyte-enhancing factor 2

miR:

MicroRNA

miRNA:

MicroRNA

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor-κB

Pax7:

Paired box transcription factor seven

PDCD4:

Programmed cell death protein 4

PRISMA:

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin

RCOT:

Randomized crossover trial

TAGLN2:

Transgelin 2

SD:

Standard deviation

SMD:

Standardized mean difference

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

V̇O2max :

Maximum oxygen consumption

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the staff of Klinik Bahasa in the Office of Research and Publication of the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada for language editing and proofreading.

Funding

This work is supported by Final Project Recognition Program (RTA), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia number: 2607/UN1/DITLIT/DIT-LIT/PT/2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin & Denny Agustiningsih

  2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Junaedy Yunus

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  1. Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin
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The idea for this systematic review originated from Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin. All authors contributed to the conceptualization and methodology of the study. Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin and Junaedy Yunus conducted the literature search and data extraction. Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin wrote the first draft of the manuscript. The other authors critically revised earlier versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Sabirin, R.M., Yunus, J. & Agustiningsih, D. The effects of aerobic exercise on blood plasma microRNA level in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sport Sci Health 19, 69–84 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-022-00914-3

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