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Does silica–nylon mesh improves the biomechanical response of custom-made mouthguards?

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Abstract

Purpose

Mouthguards are used for injury prevention due to the high risk of dental and craniofacial injuries during sports activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silica–nylon mesh on the biomechanical performance of custom-made mouthguards using the finite element method.

Methods

Two custom-made mouthguards were modeled according to the presence or not of silica–nylon mesh. A 500 N load was applied in the region of the upper central incisors for both models. A mesh convergence test of 10% was conducted in the computer-aided analysis software to reduce the error during the results processing. An ideal contact interface was used between all contacts, simulating a situation in which the athlete would not lose his mouthguard upon impact. Also, the contact between the reinforcement and the mouthguard was defined as frictionless after a microscopic investigation. Maximum principal stress parameter was analyzed for bone, mouthguard, teeth, and skull displacement. Stress peaks for mouthguards and teeth were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

Results

The results showed that the mesh presence neither influenced the skull displacement or the stress distribution in the bone, teeth or mouthguard. ANOVA showed no difference between the mesh presence or not, with 8.75 ± 2.00 MPa mean value for the mouthguard and 9.88 ± 2.75 MPa for the teeth.

Conclusions

The presence of a silica–nylon mesh did not modify the biomechanical response in the bone, teeth or mouthguard. In addition, even with the mouthguards in position, some damage can occur after the trauma.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for the research grants #17/26591-6 and #18/24185-3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng Francisco José Longo nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-000, Brazil

    João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva, Paula Carolina Komori de Carvalho, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges & Tarcisio José de Arruda Paes-Junior

  2. Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan #3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands

    João Paulo Mendes Tribst & Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva

  3. Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rua Miguel de Frias, 9, Niterói, RJ, 24220-900, Brazil

    Pedro Henrique Pereira de Queiroz Gonçalves

Authors
  1. João Paulo Mendes Tribst
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  2. Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
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  3. Paula Carolina Komori de Carvalho
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  4. Pedro Henrique Pereira de Queiroz Gonçalves
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  5. Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
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  6. Tarcisio José de Arruda Paes-Junior
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Correspondence to Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva.

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Tribst, J.P.M., Dal Piva, A.M.d., de Carvalho, P.C.K. et al. Does silica–nylon mesh improves the biomechanical response of custom-made mouthguards?. Sport Sci Health 16, 75–84 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-019-00575-9

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