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Genetic determinism of the vegetative and reproductive traits in an F1 olive tree progeny

Evidence of tree ontogeny effect

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Abstract

The agronomic performance of fruit trees is significantly influenced by tree internal organization. Introducing architectural traits in breeding programs could thus lead to select new varieties with a regular bearing and lower input demand in order to reduce training and environmental costs. However, an interaction between tree ontogeny and genetic factors is expected. In this study, we investigated the genetic determinism of architectural traits in the olive tree, accounting for tree development over 5 years until first flowering occurrence. We studied an F1 progeny issued from a cross between two contrasted genotypes, ‘Olivière’ and ‘Arbequina’. Tree architecture was decomposed in quantitative traits, related to (1) growth and branching, (2) first flowering and fruiting. Models, including the year of growth, branching order and genotype effects, were built with variance function and covariance structure when necessary. After a model selection, broad sense heritabilities were calculated. During the first 3 years, both the mean values of vegetative traits and genetic factor significance depended on the shoot within-tree position. Dependencies between consecutive years were revealed for traits related to whole tree form. Whole tree form variables showed medium to high broad sense heritability values, whereas reproductive traits were highly heritable. This study demonstrates the existence of ontogenic trends in the olive tree, which result in traits heritable only at the tree periphery. A phenotyping strategy adapted to its architectural characteristics and a list of relevant traits, such as maximal internode length, is proposed. Transgressive effects suggest that genetic progress could be performed in future selection programs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank S. Martinez and S. Feral for their contribution in field observations. This work was financed by the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of INRA Montpellier and FranceAgriMer SIVAL n° 2010–1919 project ‘RegulOlive’. Inès Ben Sadok was supported by fellowships from Erasmus-Averroes and French University Agency. We thank the Experimental Centre for Horticulture in Marsillargues (CEHM) for meteorological data records.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UMR AGAP 1334 – Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Campus Cirad-TA-A-108/03, Av. Agropolis, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    I. Ben Sadok, N. Moutier, G. Garcia, B. Khadari & E. Costes

  2. Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP 1334 – Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Campus Cirad-TA-A-108/03, Av. Agropolis, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    I. Ben Sadok & F. Dosba

  3. Institut de l’olivier de Sfax, Route de l’Aéroport, Km 1.5, BP 1087, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    I. Ben Sadok & N. Grati-Kamoun

  4. Université des sciences de Sfax, Route de la Soukra, Km 4, BP 802, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia

    A. Rebai

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  1. I. Ben Sadok
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  2. N. Moutier
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  3. G. Garcia
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  8. E. Costes
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Correspondence to E. Costes.

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Communicated by E. Dirlewanger

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Figure S1

Temperature records during the 5 studied years (2005–2009): (a) Monthly maximal and minimal temperature (b) Monthly average temperature: in December 2006 records were available only for ten days. Data are from meteorological stations at Melgueil INRA experimental station. (DOC 46 kb)

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Ben Sadok, I., Moutier, N., Garcia, G. et al. Genetic determinism of the vegetative and reproductive traits in an F1 olive tree progeny. Tree Genetics & Genomes 9, 205–221 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-012-0548-x

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