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Gene flow and mating system in five Cryptomeria japonica D. Don seed orchards as revealed by analysis of microsatellite markers

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Abstract

We investigated gene flow in five Cryptomeria japonica D. Don seed orchards of two different types (common and miniature) at widely spaced locations using microsatellite markers. The quality of a seed crop is determined by many factors, including pollen contamination from outside sources, self-fertilization, and the proportion of contributions from constituent clones. Contamination rates were found to vary among ramets both within seed orchards (10.0–76.7% in the most variable seed orchard) and among seed orchards (35.0–65.8% on average). Among ramets, there were significant negative correlations between pollen contamination rate and their distance from the orchard edge; among seed orchards, there were significant positive correlations between the pollen contamination rate and the C. japonica forest area nearby. Some proportion of the pollen (10.7% of total contamination) also migrated from parts of the orchards that had not been treated with gibberellin to induce flowering. Self-fertilization rates varied among seed orchards (1.4–4.4% on average), and there were significant positive correlations between self-fertilization rate and the number of ramets per clone in both types of seed orchard. Contributions as pollen donors differed significantly among clones in all seed orchards. The distance between planted ramets, flowering phenology, and relative pollen fecundity may also have contributed to observed differences in paternal contribution. The influence of these factors on genetic potential did not differ greatly between the two types of orchards.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the five Prefectural Forest Experiment Stations for providing seeds for this study. We also thank S. Goto, M. Takahashi, and members of the genome analysis laboratory of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute for their kind advice and valuable suggestions; H. Iwata for helpful advice on statistical analysis; and K. Kashiwase and A. Miyamoto for kind help in the analysis of GIS data. We also thank T. Sugaya, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Naito, T. Takahashi, E. Yoshii, S. Tsuchiya, and members of Professor Taira’s group at Niigata University for their help in collecting seeds. We also thank the Biodiversity Center of Japan for providing vegetation maps.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2101, Japan

    Yoshinari Moriguchi & Hideaki Taira

  2. Department of Forest Genetics, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan

    Naoki Tani & Yoshihiko Tsumura

  3. Niigata Prefectural Forest Experiment Station, Asahi-mura, Iwafune-gun, Niigata, 958-0264, Japan

    Sinji Itoo

  4. Aomori Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Forestry Experiment Station, Hiranai-cho, Higashitsugaru-gun, Aomori, 039-3321, Japan

    Fuminori Kanehira & Kouji Tanaka

  5. Iwate Forestry and Forest Products Research Center, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3623, Japan

    Hidetoshi Yomogida

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  1. Yoshinari Moriguchi
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  2. Naoki Tani
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  6. Hidetoshi Yomogida
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  7. Hideaki Taira
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  8. Yoshihiko Tsumura
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Correspondence to Yoshihiko Tsumura.

Additional information

This work was supported by grants from the Pioneer Special Studies Program of the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery, and Forestry; the Program for Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Biosciences; and research fellowships from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists.

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Moriguchi, Y., Tani, N., Itoo, S. et al. Gene flow and mating system in five Cryptomeria japonica D. Don seed orchards as revealed by analysis of microsatellite markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 1, 174–183 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-005-0023-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-005-0023-z

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