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α-1,3-Glucanase: present situation and prospect of research

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Abstract

α-1,3-Glucanases hydrolyze α-1,3-glucan which is an insoluble linear α-1,3-linked homopolymer of glucose and these enzymes are classified into two families of glycoside hydrolases on the basis of amino acid sequence similarity; type-71 α-1,3-glucanases found in fungi and type-87 enzymes in bacteria. α-1,3-Glucan (also called ‘mutan’) is a major component of dental plaque formed by oral Streptococci and has important physiological roles in various fungal species, including as a component of cell walls, an endogenous carbon source for sexual development, and a virulent factor. Considering these backgrounds, α-1,3-glucanases have been investigated from the perspectives of applications to dental care and development of cell-wall lytic enzymes. Compared with information regarding other glycoside hydrolases such as amylases, cellulases, chitinases, and β-glucanases, there is limited biochemical and structural information available regarding α-1,3-glucanase. Further research on α-1,3-glucanases on enzyme application to dental care and biological control of pathogenic fungi is expected. In this mini-review, we briefly describe how α-1,3-glucanases are categorized and characterized and present our study findings regarding α-1,3-glucanase from Bacillus circulans KA-304. Furthermore, we briefly discuss potential future applications of α-1,3-glucanases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand

    Wasana Suyotha

  2. Department of Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan

    Shigekazu Yano

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan

    Mamoru Wakayama

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  1. Wasana Suyotha
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  2. Shigekazu Yano
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  3. Mamoru Wakayama
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Correspondence to Mamoru Wakayama.

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Suyotha, W., Yano, S. & Wakayama, M. α-1,3-Glucanase: present situation and prospect of research. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 32, 30 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-015-1977-0

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