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Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on N2O Emissions from Rice Paddies

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can alter the dynamics of soluble nitrogen in paddy field soils by promoting nitrogen assimilation by rice. However, it is unknown whether this affects N2O emissions from rice paddies. This study was designed to assess the effects of AMF on N2O emissions by analyzing the relationships between AMF and the parameters affecting N2O emissions. Path analysis was used to quantitatively partition the direct and indirect effects of different parameters on N2O emissions. Results showed that N2O emissions were controlled by environmental pathways (transpiration, evaporation, and precipitation affecting soil water content) and biotic pathways (soluble nitrogen assimilation by the rice, which varies according to rice biomass). Under different water conditions, the contributions of the two pathways to N2O emissions varied strongly. During the flooding stage, the environmental pathways were dominant, but inoculation with AMF promoted the contribution of the biotic pathway to the reduction of N2O emissions. During the draining stage, the environmental pathways were dominant in the non-inoculated treatment, but inoculation made the biotic pathways dominant by increasing the biomass of rice. During the growing stage, N2O emissions from inoculated soil (17.9–492.9 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1) were significantly lower than those in non-inoculated soil (22.1–553.1 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1; p < 0.05). Consequently, inoculating with AMF has the potential for mitigating N2O emissions from rice paddies.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51179041), the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2012ZX07201003), the Natural Science Foundation of Hei Longjiang Province, China (E201206), and the State Key Lab of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, China (HIT) (2014TS05). The work has also been partially supported by HIT Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection. The study plots and laboratory were provided by the Academy and are gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People’s Republic of China

    Xue Zhang, Li Wang & Fang Ma

  2. HIT Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection, Yixing, 214200, People’s Republic of China

    Fang Ma

  3. Sino-Japan Friendship Centre for Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China

    Dan Shan

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  1. Xue Zhang
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  2. Li Wang
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  3. Fang Ma
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Correspondence to Li Wang or Fang Ma.

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Zhang, X., Wang, L., Ma, F. et al. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on N2O Emissions from Rice Paddies. Water Air Soil Pollut 226, 222 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2493-4

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