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Dispersal of Contaminant Metals in the Mining-Affected Danube and Maritsa Drainage Basins, Bulgaria, Eastern Europe

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Abstract

Metal dispersal in the Danube and Maritsa drainage basins resulting from metal mining activities in Bulgaria has been assessed through the collection of 611 samples of river water, river channel and floodplain sediment, and mine waste from over 218 sites. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in river water were found to be highest in close proximity to locations of Cu and Pb–Zn mining regions in the Maritsa catchment. Downstream dispersal of solute metals in these catchments, and into the River Danube, was found to be limited by physical dilution and a well-buffered pH environment. Dispersal of contaminant metals in channel and floodplain sediment was found to be extensive. Contamination was particularly severe in the Rivers Timok and Iskar (Danube catchment) and the Topolnitsa, Chepelarska, and Arda Rivers (Maritsa catchment) and creates the potential of transboundary dispersal of contaminant metals.

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Acknowledgements

Funding for this project was provided by a Royal Society Joint Project Grant. The authors would like to thank Mr. Ian Gulley of the Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences' Drawing Office for producing Fig. 1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Catchment and Coastal Research and River Basin Dynamics and Hydrology Research Group, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, UK

    Graham Bird, Paul A. Brewer, Mark G. Macklin & Catherine Swain

  2. Institute of Geography, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev”, bl.3, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Mariyana Nikolova & Tsvetan Kotsev

  3. Executive Environmental Agency, Ministry of Environment and Waters, “Tzar Boris III” Boulevard, No. 136, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Mihail Mollov

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  1. Graham Bird
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Bird, G., Brewer, P.A., Macklin, M.G. et al. Dispersal of Contaminant Metals in the Mining-Affected Danube and Maritsa Drainage Basins, Bulgaria, Eastern Europe. Water Air Soil Pollut 206, 105–127 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0090-0

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