Abstract
This paper assesses groundwater recharge under conditions of long-term groundwater pumping at the Ravnik pumping site in Croatia and analyses the groundwater level prediction model used in prior aquifer modelling. The results of model calibration revealed a very low net infiltration rate at the start of the pumping site’s operation. As the operation continued, the net infiltration rate slowly increased, while the percentage of infiltrated rainfall scaled up with increasing pumping rates. The predicted recharge of the covering aquitard amounts approximately 14–15 % of the mean annual precipitation. The aquifer recharge takes place from aquitard by seepage. A subsequent simulation of the pumping site’s operation was performed for the 9 years period on the assumption that the pumping rates and the groundwater recharge would be the same as those recorded during the final calibration years. Results show that the post audit measured levels correspond relatively well to the predicted levels and that increasing of the pumping rate causes changes in the water budget in advantage of net groundwater recharge as a consequence of spreading recharge area outside of previous model boundaries.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of Republic of Croatia (project no. 181-1811096-3165). Authors would like to thank mr. Stjepan Tušek (Moslavina Water Company) for the permission to use data from their documentation files. We thank Prof. Kosta Urumović for an early review of this manuscript and discussion. The authors greatly appreciate revisions of editor, associate editor and reviewers which improved an earlier version of the manuscript.
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Brkić, Ž., Urumović, K. & Briški, M. Post Audit Analysis of a Groundwater Level Prediction Model in Developed Semiconfined Aquifer System. Water Resour Manage 27, 3349–3363 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0351-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0351-y