Skip to main content
Log in

Prion protein gene polymorphism and genetic risk evaluation for scrapie in all Turkish native sheep breeds

  • Published:
Virus Genes Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the prion protein (PrP) gene polymorphism in a total of 1,110 healthy sheep from 18 Turkish native sheep breeds. There were nine alleles and 22 genotypes observed based on codons 136, 154, and 171 of the PrP gene. The ARQ allele was predominant for all breeds. The most resistant allele to scrapie, ARR, was present in all breeds. The VRQ allele, associated with the highest susceptibility to scrapie, was detected at low frequencies in İvesi (0.06), Kıvırcık (0.021), Sakız (0.010), Karayaka (0.011), Çine Çaparı (0.012), and Güneykaraman (0.017). In general, the ARQ/ARQ genotype was predominant in all breeds. The most resistant genotype to scrapie, ARR/ARR, was found with the frequency lower than 0.180. The most susceptible genotype, VRQ/VRQ, was found in only Kıvırcık. The TRR and TRH alleles and the genotypes of ARR/TRR, ARR/ARK, and ARH/TRH have been found for the first time in Turkish native sheep breeds. According to these results, all breeds belong to risk group R3 followed by R2. It is propounded that the susceptibility to scrapie increased from eastern to western part of Turkey. Our findings of Turkish native sheep breeds with PrP gene polymorphisms will assist the sheep breeding program for selection of scrapie resistance genotypes to reduce the risk of scrapie.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S.B. Prusiner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 13363–13383 (1998)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. N. Hunter, Trends Microbiol. 5, 8 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. W. Goldmann, Vet. Res. 39, 30 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. N. Hunter, Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1772, 619–628 (2007)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. European Commission Decision, Off. J. Eur. Union 46, L41 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. M.W. Bruford, D.G. Bradley, G. Luikart, Nat. Genet. 4, 2–12 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M.A. Zeder, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 11597–11604 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Ün, K. Oztabak, N. Ozdemir, I. Akis, A. Mengib, Small Rumin. Res. 74, 260–264 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Alvarez, B. Gutierrez-Gil, M. Uzun, F.S. Primitivo, J.J. Arranz, Small Rumin. Res. 99, 93–98 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Öner, K. Yesilbağ, E. Tuncel, C. Elmacı, Animal. 5, 1728–1733 (2011)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. F. Frootan, G. Nikbakht, N.Ö. Özgentürk, C. Ün, Biochem. Genet. (2011). doi:10.1007/s10528-011-9470-4

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. S.A. Miller, D.D. Dykes, H.F. Polesk, Nucl. Acids Res. 16(3), 1215 (1988)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. W. Sipos, M. Kraus, F. Schmoll, R. Achmann, W. Baumgartner, J. Vet. Med. A. 49, 415–418 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Nei, Molecular Evolutionary Genetics (Columbia University Press, NY, 1987), pp. 149–151

    Google Scholar 

  15. S. Thorgeirsdottir, S. Sigurdarson, H.M. Thorisson, G. Georgsson, A. Palsdottir, J. Gen. Virol. 80, 2527–2534 (1999)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M.A. Tranulis, A. Osland, B. Bratberg, M.J. Ulvund, J. Gen. Virol. 80, 1073–1077 (1999)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. E. O’Doherty, M. Aherne, S. Ennis, E. Weavers, N. Hunter, J.F. Roche, T. Sweeney, Vet. Rec. 146, 335–338 (2000)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. G. Vaccari, R. Petraroli, U. Agrimi, C. Eleni, M.G. Perfetti, M.A. Di Bari, L. Morelli, C. Ligios, L. Busani, R. Nonno, G. Di Guardo, Arch. Virol. 146, 2029–2037 (2001)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Arnold, C. Meek, C.R. Webb, L.J. Hoinville, Prev. Vet. Med. 56, 227–249 (2002)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. I. Palhiére, D. Francois, J.M. Elsen, F. Barillet, Y. Amigues, G. Perret, J. Bouix, in Proc. 7th World Cong. Genet. Appl. to Livest. Prod. CD-ROM no: 13–13 (2002)

  21. C. Drögemüller, F. de Vries, H. Hamann, T. Leeb, O. Distl, Vet. Rec. 154, 257–260 (2004)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. C. Acin, I. Martin-Burriel, W. Goldmann, J. Lyahyai, M. Monzon, R. Bolea, A. Smith, C. Rodellar, J.J. Badiola, P. Zaragoza, J. Gen. Virol. 85, 2103–2110 (2004)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. L.T. Gama, M.I. Carolino, M.F. Santos-Silva, J.A. Pimenta, M.S. Costa, Livest. Sci. 99, 175–184 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J.H. Brandsma, L.L.G. Janss, A.H. Visscher, Livest. Prod. Sci. 85, 59–64 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. W. Goldmann, M. Baylis, C. Chihota, E. Stevenson, N. Hunter, J. Appl. Microbiol. 98, 1294–1302 (2005)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. P.L. Acutis, F. Martucci, M. Mazza, S. Peletto, B. Iulini, C. Corona, E. Bozzetta, C. Casalone, M. Caramelli, Arch. Virol. 151, 1875–1880 (2006)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. E. Gootwine, A. Abdulkhaliq, K.I.Z. Jawasreh, A. Valle Zárate, Small Rumin. Res. 77, 80–83 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Y. L’Homme, A. Leboeuf, J. Cameron, Can. J. Vet. Res. 72, 320–324 (2008)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. C.S. Sotomaior, V.S. Sotomaior, H.M.F. Madeira, V. Thomaz-Soccol, Anim. Genet. 39, 659–661 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. K. Tsunoda, T. Namikawa, K. Sato, M.A. Hasnath, M.M. Nyunt, H.B. Rajbandary, C.B. Loc, T. Zanchiv, H. Chang, W. Sun, T. Dorji, Biochem. Genet. 48, 13–25 (2010)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. M. Karami, C. Amirinia, E.J. Kashan Naser, N. Amirmozafari, M. Chamani, M.H. Banabazi, Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10, 15819–15822 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. M.E. Babar, A. Farid, B.F. Benkel, J. Ahmad, I.A. Sajid, M. Imran, T. Hussain, A. Nadeem, J. Genet. 87, 2 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. F. Guan, L. Pan, J. Li, H. Tang, C. Zhu, G. Shi, Virus Genes 43, 147–152 (2011)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Y. Wang, Z. Qin, J. Qiao, D. Zhao, Virus Genes 37, 128–130 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Dr. H. Akçapınar, Dr. M. Ertuğrul, Dr. C. Özbeyaz, Dr. Z. Ulutaş, Dr. O. Karaca, Dr. M.S. Balcıoğlu, Dr. İ. Cemal, Dr. S. Koçak, Dr. S. Koncagül, Dr. H.İ. Özbayat, Ü.Ö. Akyel, Y.G. Aydoğdu, H.O. Taşkesen, B. Özarslan, F.T. Özbaşer, M. Çelikbilek, R. Yüksel, M. Köse, E. Sezgin, and H. Erol for their assistance in the collection of samples, and to Dr. N. Akman for his suggestions on this study. We are also grateful to Dr. W. Goldmann, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK, for his helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This study was conducted at the Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Sciences, Ankara, Turkey and was partially supported by a grant from the Scientific Research Projects (BAP) of Ankara University (Project No: BAP-09B4347007; Project coordinator: Dr. M.M. Özkan).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. Meydan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Meydan, H., Yüceer, B., Degirmenci, R. et al. Prion protein gene polymorphism and genetic risk evaluation for scrapie in all Turkish native sheep breeds. Virus Genes 45, 169–175 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0744-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0744-7

Keywords

Navigation