Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic characterization of swine influenza viruses (H3N2) isolated from Minnesota in 2006–2007

  • Published:
Virus Genes Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Triple-reassortant (TR) H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIV) are a major cause of respiratory disease in swine worldwide, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Continuous surveillance of circulating SIV strains is imperative for effective control and prediction of new emerging strains with interspecies transmission potential. The current study characterized SIV isolates from commercial swine population in USA (2006–2007). Nine isolates were completely sequenced, and the molecular evolution of all gene segments was analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the nine H3N2 viruses indicated that these strains belonged to cluster-IV of the human/swine/avian TR genotype, grouping with H3N2 viruses of turkey origin, while forming a separate sub-lineage from those of human and avian origin strains. Ten amino acid changes were observed at the major antigenic sites of HA1 region compared to the cluster-III reference strain, with differences in glycosylation sites. All the nine strains were antigenically related to the cluster-IV turkey strain than the cluster-III reference strain. The results of this study suggest that contemporary TR H3N2 strains circulating in North America share the same genetic constellation, thus maintaining the gene pool without any further event of genetic reassortment unlike swine-origin pandemic strain A/California/04/2009/H1N1. These findings strongly support the need for continuous surveillance and monitoring of genetic changes in SIV, to identify evolving strains that might pose a threat to human or animal health.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R.G. Webster, W.J. Bean, O.T. Gorman, T.M. Chambers, Y. Kawaoka, Microbiol. Rev. 56, 152 (1992)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. R.E. Shope, J. Exp. Med. 54, 373 (1931)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. B.C. Easterday, K. Van Reeth, in Diseases of Swine, ed. by B.E. Straw, S.D. D’Allaire, W.L. Mengeling, D.J. Taylor (Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA, 1999), p. 277

    Google Scholar 

  4. R.J. Webby, S.L. Swenson, S.L. Krauss, P.J. Gerrish, S.M. Goyal, R.G. Webster, J. Virol. 74, 8243 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. C.W. Olsen, A.I. Karasin, S. Carman, Y. Li, N. Bastien, D. Ojkic, D. Alves, G. Charbonneau, B.M. Henning, D.E. Low, L. Burton, G. Broukhanski, Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12, 1132 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. I. Archetti, F.L. Horsfall, J. Exp. Med. 92, 441 (1950)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. E. Hoffmann, J. Stech, Y. Guan, R.G. Webster, D.R. Perez, Arch. Virol. 146, 2275 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. K. Tamura, D. Peterson, N. Peterson, G. Stecher, M. Nei, S. Kumar, Mol. Biol. Evol., in press (2011)

  9. D. Jackson, M.J. Hossain, D. Hickman, D.R. Perez, R.A. Lamb, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 4381 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. J.A. Richt, P. Lekcharoensuk, K.M. Lager, A.L. Vincent, C.M. Loiacono, B.H. Janke, W.H. Wu, K.J. Yoon, R.J. Webby, A. Solórzano, A. García-Sastre, J. Virol. 80, 11009 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Kida, T. Ito, J. Yasuda, Y. Shimizu, C. Itakura, K.F. Shortridge, Y. Kawaoka, R.G. Webster, J. Gen. Virol. 75, 2183 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. M.R. Castrucci, I. Donatelli, L. Sidoli, G. Barigazzi, Y. Kawaoka, R.G. Webster, Virology 193, 503 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Y. Tang, C.W. Lee, Y. Zhang, D.A. Senne, R. Dearth, B. Byrum, D.R. Perez, D.L. Suarez, Y.M. Saif, Avian Dis. 49, 207 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M.D. Ficken, J.S. Guy, E. Gonder, Avian Dis. 33, 370 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. S.M. Wright, Y. Kawaoka, G.B. Sharp, D.A. Senne, R.G. Webster, Am. J. Epidemiol. 136, 488 (1992)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Ludwig, A. Haustein, E.F. Kaleta, C. Scholtissek, Virology 202, 281 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. H.M. Yassine, M. Khatri, Y.J. Zhang, C.W. Lee, B.A. Byrum, J. O’Quin, Vet. Microbiol. 139, 132 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. H.M. Yassine, C.W. Lee, D.L. Suarez, Y.M. Saif, Vaccine 26, 966 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Igarashi, K. Ito, H. Kida, A. Takada, Virology 376, 323 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.C. Shih, T.C. Hsiao, H. Shang, L.W. Hsiung, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104, 6283 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. L. Sun, G. Zhang, Y. Shu, X. Chen, Y. Zhu, L. Yang, G. Ma, Y. Kitamura, W. Liu, J. Clin. Virol. 44, 141 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H.M. Yassine, M.Q. Al-Natour, C.W. Lee, Y.M. Saif, Virol. J. 4, 129 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. W. Ma, J.A. Richt, Anim. Health Res. Rev. 11, 81 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Y.K. Choi, S.M. Goyal, H.S. Joo, Arch. Virol. 147, 1209 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. S. M. Goyal and Dr. Devi P. Patnayak, Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for providing the virus isolates, and Dr. Y. M. Saif, OARDC, Ohio for the antiserum against turkey virus.

Conflict of interest

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1981 Kraft Drive (0913), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA

    Sandeep R. P. Kumar, Laure Deflube, Moanaro Biswas, Raghunath Shobana & Subbiah Elankumaran

Authors
  1. Sandeep R. P. Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laure Deflube
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Moanaro Biswas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Raghunath Shobana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Subbiah Elankumaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subbiah Elankumaran.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kumar, S.R.P., Deflube, L., Biswas, M. et al. Genetic characterization of swine influenza viruses (H3N2) isolated from Minnesota in 2006–2007. Virus Genes 43, 161–176 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0618-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0618-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation