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Relationships between tree component structure, topography and soils of a riverside forest, Rio Botucaraí, Southern Brazil

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Abstract

The relationships among floristic, structural and physiognomic variables of the tree component, flooding regime variations and soil fertility were investigated in a riparian forest fragment (ca. 43 ha) in the Rio Botucaraí watershed near the confluence with the Rio Jacuí, southern Brazil. All the trees with a dbh   ≥ 15 cm were surveyed in 100 contiguous 10  ×  10 m plots and soil chemical and textural variables were obtained from the analyses of 15 topsoil samples (0–20 cm depth) collected at different locations. The sample sites encompass all the topographic variation of the area. We used canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to seek correlations between environmental variables and tree component distribution. The 1,547 surveyed individuals belonged to 30 species and 16 botanical families. The Shannon diversity index (H′) and the Pielou equability (J′) were 1.995 and 0.586 nats ind.−1, respectively. Sebastiania commersoniana, Casearia sylvestris, Eugenia uniflora and Eugenia hyemalis presented the highest importance values. Species’ densities chiefly correlated with site elevation, flooding regime and soil chemical fertility. The analyses of ecological categories (EC) revealed that most species are heliophylous and typical of early successional stages. Richness and diversity (P < 0.001) variations from different topographic positions reflect that at the local scale, flooding was a limiting factor for the establishment of certain species suggesting that local processes control species richness and diversity.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul—UFRGS, for the opportunity to undertake this study, to CAPES Scholarship Agency for the grant to the first author and to Otto Schreiner who offered his unpublished data on the physical features of the Botucaraí River basin. Our special thanks to Greice Anneter and Diogo “Bagual” Lindenmaier for their fieldwork assistance. We also appreciate the reviewing efforts of Eduardo Giehl, Ricardo Braga, Paul Wetzel (Associate Editor) and the anonymous contributors, for providing useful comments to the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Jean Carlos Budke

  2. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    João André Jarenkow

  3. Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 37, 37200-200, Lavras, MG, Brazil

    Ary Teixeira de Oliveira-Filho

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  1. Jean Carlos Budke
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  2. João André Jarenkow
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  3. Ary Teixeira de Oliveira-Filho
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Correspondence to João André Jarenkow.

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Budke, J.C., Jarenkow, J.A. & Oliveira-Filho, A.T.d. Relationships between tree component structure, topography and soils of a riverside forest, Rio Botucaraí, Southern Brazil. Plant Ecol 189, 187–200 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-006-9174-8

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