Abstract
Localization of Newcastle disease viral nucleoprotein and pathological lesions was evaluated in tissues of 55 indigenous ducks (45 experimentally infected and 10 sentinel ones). In addition, ten Newcastle disease infected chickens were used to ensure that the virus inoculum administered to the ducks produced the disease in chickens, the susceptible hosts. Ducks were killed on day 1, 4, 8 and 14 post-infection. Post-mortem examination was done with six tissues (liver, spleen, lung, caecal tonsils, kidneys and brain) being collected from each bird. The tissues were preserved in 10% neutral formalin for 24 h. They were then transferred to 70% ethanol for histology and immunohistochemical staining. Airsacculitis, necrotic splenic foci, congested intestines, lymphoid depleted caecal tonsils and focal infiltrations by mononuclear cells were the main pathological lesions in infected ducks. Over 28.9% of the infected ducks had Newcastle disease viral nucleoprotein in macrophage-like large mononuclear cells in the caecal tonsils and kidney tubular epithelium. The viral antigens were located in the cytoplasm and nucleolus of the cells. The other organs had no detectable viral antigens. This study shows that the kidneys and caecal tonsils are the likely predilection sites for the virus in ducks. They thus need to be considered as diagnostic indicators for the viral carriage in ducks.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Mr. John Mukiri, Mr. John Muongi, Mr. David Gucema, Ms. Tove Dennman and Mr. Tony Bønnelycke for the technical assistance. Professor John E. Olsen, Prof. Birgitte Viuff and Dr. Joe M. Ayuya are acknowledged for their advice. Professor Ronald Iorio is highly thanked for donating monoclonal antibodies. This study was funded by the Danish International Development Agency through the ENRECA project ‘Productivity and health of smallholder livestock in Eastern Africa’.
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Njagi, L.W., Mbuthia, P.G., Nyaga, P.N. et al. Viral nucleoprotein localization and lesions of Newcastle disease in tissues of indigenous ducks. Trop Anim Health Prod 44, 747–750 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9958-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9958-2