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Understanding the Deformation of Soot Particles/Agglomerates in a Dynamic Contact: TEM In Situ Compression and Shear Experiments

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Abstract

This work investigates the effect of compression and sliding on diesel soot in a confined space. Experiments were conducted in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope equipped with an in situ nanoindenter mounted with a truncated diamond tip to manipulate single soot particles and agglomerates. It was shown that both, agglomerates and single particles, were quite resistant to load. Agglomerates did not break during the compression tests; instead, partially reversible compaction of the particles to fill the free space was witnessed, proving that strong cohesive forces exist between the soot particles. The primary particles exhibited good elastic behavior under compression, and the agglomerates mirrored this behavior. Sliding tests have shown the ability of both the agglomerates and single primary particles to roll in the contact zone. This work showed that diesel soot is highly resilient to stress.

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Acknowledgments

This work was sponsored by Infineum USA LP as part of their strategic research on soot and soot-induced wear. The authors would like to thank Infineum for their financial support and the permission to publish this work. The authors would also like to thank the CLYM—http://clym.insa-lyon.fr—for the access to the 2010F microscope.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LTDS–ECL Ecully, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134, Ecully, France

    Imène Lahouij, Fabrice Dassenoy & Béatrice Vacher

  2. Infineum USA LP, 1900 E Linden Ave, Linden, NJ, 07036, USA

    Kaustav Sinha, David A. Brass & Maryann Devine

  3. The Dow Chemical Company, 1691 N. Swede Rd, Midland, MI, 48674, USA

    Kaustav Sinha

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  1. Imène Lahouij
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  2. Fabrice Dassenoy
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  3. Béatrice Vacher
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Correspondence to Fabrice Dassenoy.

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Lahouij, I., Dassenoy, F., Vacher, B. et al. Understanding the Deformation of Soot Particles/Agglomerates in a Dynamic Contact: TEM In Situ Compression and Shear Experiments. Tribol Lett 53, 91–99 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-013-0246-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-013-0246-3

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