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Compression Heating and Cooling in Elastohydrodynamic Contacts

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Abstract

In this study, the infrared temperature mapping technique, originally developed by Sanborn and Winer (Trans ASME J Tribol 93:262–271, 1971) and extended by Spikes et al. (Tribol Lett 17(3):593–605, 2004), has been made more sensitive and used to study the temperature rise of elastohydrodynamic contacts in pure rolling. Under such conditions lubricant shear heating within the contact is considered negligible and this allows temperature changes due to lubricant compression to be investigated. Pure rolling surface temperature distributions have been obtained for contacts lubricated with a range of lubricants, included a group I, and group II mineral oil, a polyalphaolefin (group IV), the traction fluid Santotrac 50 and 5P4E, a five-ring polyphenyl-ether. Resulting maps show the temperature rise in the contact increases in the inlet due to compression heating and then decreases and in most cases becomes negative in the exit region due to the effect of decompression. Temperature changes increase with entrainment speed but in the current tests are always very small, and less than 1 °C. Contact temperature rises from compression were compared to those from sliding contacts (where a slide-roll ratio of 0.5 was applied). Here the contribution to the contact temperature from compression is shown to decrease dramatically with entrainment speed. The lubricant 5P4E is found to behave differently from other lubricants tested in that it showed a peak in temperature at the outlet. This effect becomes more pronounced with increasing speed, and has tentatively been attributed to a phase change in the exit region. Using moving heat source theory, the measured temperature distributions have been converted to maps showing rate of heat input into each surface and the latter compared with theory. Qualitative agreement between theory and experiment is found, and a more accurate theoretical comparison is the subject of ongoing study.

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Abbreviations

α:

Pressure–viscosity coefficient (GPa−1)

ε:

Coefficient of thermal expansivity (k−1)

χ :

Thermal diffusivity of surface material (m2/s)

ρ :

Mass density of surface material (kg/m3)

σ :

Specific heat of surface material (J/kg K)

η :

Lubricant dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

η 0 :

Lubricant dynamic viscosity at inlet (Pa s)

δT :

Temperature rise due to single heat source (°C)

A :

Area of element in thermal analysis (m2)

C :

Jaeger heat transfer coefficient (km2/W)

c :

Pressure thermal expansivity coefficient (Pa−1)

h :

Film thickness (m)

i, j:

Locations of temperatures (dimensionless)

k, l:

Locations of heat inputs (dimensionless)

K :

Thermal conductivity of the surface material (W/mK)

p r :

Hertzian pressure (GPa)

p max :

Maximum Hertzian pressure (GPa)

\( \dot{q} \) :

Heat flux per unit area into surface (W/m2)

R :

Distance between points of heat input and temperature rise (m)

T :

Absolute temperature of contact (K°)

ΔT :

Temperature rise due to collection of heat sources (°C)

ΔU :

Mean velocity of lubricant through the film (m)

x, y:

Locations of heat inputs and temperature rises (m)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK

    T. Reddyhoff, H. A. Spikes & A. V. Olver

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  1. T. Reddyhoff
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  2. H. A. Spikes
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  3. A. V. Olver
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Correspondence to T. Reddyhoff.

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Reddyhoff, T., Spikes, H.A. & Olver, A.V. Compression Heating and Cooling in Elastohydrodynamic Contacts. Tribol Lett 36, 69–80 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-009-9461-3

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