Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Embedding Wear Models into Friction Models

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Tribology Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Frictional behavior in dry or boundary-lubricated tribosystems is commonly time-dependent. Examples include phenomena like running-in, scuffing initiation, adhesive transfer, coating wear-through, and lubricant starvation. Fundamental models for the sliding friction coefficient usually focus either on determining a steady–state value or on predicting periodic behavior like stick-slip. They often neglect the details of long- and short-period frictional transients, some of which are quite repeatable. In addition to generating heat, frictional work is known to be dissipated in several ways, including roughness changes, wear particle generation, tribomaterial evolution, and microstructural alteration. Pairs of materials can display identical average friction coefficients but significantly different wear processes because frictional work is dissipated differently from one pair of materials to the next. The attributes of friction-versus-time behavior for combinations of metals, ceramics, and polymers can be comprised of stages whose understanding may require the development of piecewise friction models that include wear. This paper discusses past work on the subject, exemplifies embedding a simple wear model into a friction-versus-time model, and indicates how friction process diagrams can play a role.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Czichos, H.: Tribology–A Systems Approach. Elsevier Pub, Amsterdam (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Blau, P.J.: Four great challenges confronting our understanding and modeling of sliding friction. In: Dowson, D., et al. (eds.) Tribology for Energy Conservation, pp. 117–128. Elsevier, UK (1998)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Meng, H.C., Ludema, K.: Wear models and predictive equations: their form and content. Wear 181–183, 451–457 (1995). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(95)90158-2

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bowden, F.P., Tabor, D.: Friction and Lubrication of Solids. Oxford Press, Oxford, UK (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Suh, N.P.: Genesis of friction. Wear 69(1), 91–114 (1969). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(81)90315-X

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Hokkirigawa, H., Kato, K.: An experimental and theoretical investigation of ploughing, cutting and wedge formation during abrasive wear. Tribology Int 21(1), 51–57 (1988). doi:10.1016/0301-679X(88)90128-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Amamoto, Y., Goto, H.: Friction and wear of carbon steel near T1 transition under dry sliding. Trib. Intern. 39(8), 756–762 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2005.07.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Dobson, P.S., Wilman, H.: The friction and wear, and their inter-relationship, in abrasion of a single crystal of brittle nature. Brit. J. Appl. Phys 14, 132–136 (1990). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(90)90070-Q

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Godet, M.: Third-bodies in tribology. Wear 136(1), 29–45 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Blau, P.J.: Friction Science and Technology, 2nd edn. Taylor and Francis/CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida (2008). 420 pp

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lossie, C.M., Mens, J.W.M., de Gee, A.W.J.: Practical applications of the IRG transitions diagram technique. Wear 129(2), 173–182 (1989). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(89)90255-X

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Blau, P.J.: Interpretations of the break-in behavior of metals in sliding contact. Wear 71, 29–43 (1981). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(81)90137-X

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Blau, P.J.: Friction mechanisms and modeling on the macroscale. In: Bhushan, B. (ed.) Fundamentals of Tribology and Bridging the Gap Between the Macro- and Micro/Nanoscales, pp. 241–260. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Blau, P.J., Whittenton, E.P.: Test of a rule of mixtures for dry sliding friction of 52100 steel on an Al–Si–Cu Alloy. Wear 81, 187–192 (1982). doi:10.1016/0043-1648(82)90315-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author wishes to express his gratitude for the advice and consultation of Prof. Ken Ludema over the years, and for his many contributions to tribology, especially in areas of boundary lubrication and automotive tribology. A portion of this research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle LLC, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

    Peter J. Blau

Authors
  1. Peter J. Blau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter J. Blau.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Blau, P.J. Embedding Wear Models into Friction Models. Tribol Lett 34, 75–79 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-008-9395-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-008-9395-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation