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Thermal Aging Behavior of Pt-only TWC Converters Under Simulated Exhaust Conditions: Effect of Rare Earths (CeO2, La2O3) and Alkali (Na) Modifiers

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Abstract

In the present work, the feasibility to design monometallic (Pt-only), low metal loading (0.1 wt% Pt) three-way catalytic converters (TWCs), with comparable catalytic efficiency and thermostability to that of commercial bimetallic Pt/Rh TWCs has been explored. It is shown that this can be accomplished by modifying Pt/γ-Αl2O3 washcoat of TWC via two different methods of promotion: support-mediated promotion by modifying the γ-Al2O3 support with rare earth structure-modifiers (CeO2–La2O3) and surface-induced promotion by directly modifying the Pt surface with alkalies (e.g., Na), producing a doubly-promoted Pt(Na)/Al2O3-(CeO2–La2O3) TWC. The catalytic performance of as prepared TWCs in comparison to that of a commercial bimetallic (Pt–Rh) TWC, under simulated exhaust conditions at the stoichiometric point appears to be superior, even after severe thermal treatment at 900 °C for 5 h in air and despite the fact that the latter contain 4.5-fold higher noble metals loading. Moreover, the evolution of structural, textural and surface behavior of aged catalysts was identified by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and appropriately correlated with the catalytic performance and thermostability of TWCs.

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Acknowledgments

The partial financial support of this work by the PENED 03ED606 research project implemented within the framework of the “Reinforcement Programme of Human Research Manpower” (PENED) and co-financed by National and Community Funds (75% from E.U.-European Social Fund and 25% from the Greek Ministry of Development (General Secretariat of Research and Technology) is gratefully acknowledged. IVY also thanks the Research Funds Financial Administration of the Technical University of Crete for partial financial support through the 2003-Fundamental Research Programs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Sciences, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Crete, Greece

    V. Matsouka, M. Konsolakis & I. V. Yentekakis

  2. School of Mining Engineering and Metallurgy, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece

    A. Papavasiliou & A. Tsetsekou

  3. National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Material Science, Agia Paraskevi, 15310, Athens, Greece

    N. Boukos

Authors
  1. V. Matsouka
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  2. M. Konsolakis
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  3. I. V. Yentekakis
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  4. A. Papavasiliou
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  5. A. Tsetsekou
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  6. N. Boukos
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to M. Konsolakis or I. V. Yentekakis.

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Matsouka, V., Konsolakis, M., Yentekakis, I.V. et al. Thermal Aging Behavior of Pt-only TWC Converters Under Simulated Exhaust Conditions: Effect of Rare Earths (CeO2, La2O3) and Alkali (Na) Modifiers. Top Catal 54, 1124 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-011-9734-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-011-9734-6

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