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Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 1: The role of antioxidant enzymes

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Abstract

Centaurium erythraea Rafn. is a medicinal plant rich in secoiridoids and xanthones and used for gastrointestinal disorders, fever, anemia and many other conditions. C. erythraea is characterized with extraordinary developmental plasticity and manageability in vitro; thus we propose it as an excellent experimental model system for studies in developmental biology. Hereby we describe regeneration of centaury from leaf explants that can proceed via somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis on inductive media containing 2,4-D and CPPU. In the absence of growth regulators, shoots and roots appeared without callusing, on light or in darkness, respectively. Indirect somatic embryogenesis was induced in the presence of growth regulators occurring both on light and in darkness. Light was obligatory for indirect shoot development, where adventitious buds formed simultaneously with somatic embryos. Dynamic changes of antioxidative activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) in response to morphogenetic changes were followed during developmental pathways in vitro. Wounding of centaury leaves immediately induced all SOD and CAT isoforms but caused a decrease in POX activity. In control leaves and leaf explants, three Cu/Zn-SOD activities were detected, which gradually decreased on inductive treatments on light, but remained unchanged during growth in darkness. Morphogenetic paths on all hormonal and light treatments where characterized with dynamic changes of CAT activity (comprised of three major CAT isoforms), but generally CAT was reduced during morphogenesis induction. POX activity was strongly induced during morphogenesis in all treatments.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

BM:

Basal medium

BM1–BM6:

Media containing growth regulators

CAT:

Catalase

CPPU:

N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea

POX:

Peroxidase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SE:

Somatic embryogenesis

ISD:

Indirect shoot development

ISE:

Indirect somatic embryogenesis

DSE:

Direct somatic embryogenesis

DSD:

Direct shoot development

DRD:

Direct root development

SD:

Shoot development

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

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Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grants ON173015 and ON173024.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department for Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Biljana K. Filipović, Ana D. Simonović, Milana M. Trifunović, Slavica S. Dmitrović, Jelena M. Savić, Slađana B. Jevremović & Angelina R. Subotić

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  1. Biljana K. Filipović
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  2. Ana D. Simonović
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  3. Milana M. Trifunović
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  4. Slavica S. Dmitrović
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  5. Jelena M. Savić
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  6. Slađana B. Jevremović
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  7. Angelina R. Subotić
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Correspondence to Milana M. Trifunović.

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Filipović, B.K., Simonović, A.D., Trifunović, M.M. et al. Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 1: The role of antioxidant enzymes. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 121, 703–719 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0740-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0740-4

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