Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii evolved a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) because of the limited CO2 in its natural environment. One critical component of the C. reinhardtii CCM is the limiting CO2 inducible B (LCIB) protein. LCIB is required for acclimation to air levels of CO2. C. reinhardtii cells with a mutated LCIB protein have an ‘air-dier’ phenotype when grown in low CO2 conditions, meaning they die in air levels of CO2 but can grow in high and very low CO2 conditions. The LCIB protein functions together with its close homolog in C. reinhardtii, limiting CO2 inducible C protein (LCIC), in a hexameric LCIB-LCIC complex. LCIB has been proposed to act as a vectoral carbonic anhydrase (CA) that helps to recapture CO2 that would otherwise leak out of the chloroplast. Although both LCIB and LCIC are structurally similar to βCAs, their CA activity has not been demonstrated to date. We provide evidence that LCIB is an active CA using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae CA knockout mutant (∆NCE103) and an Arabidopsis thaliana βCA5 knockout mutant (βca5). We show that different truncated versions of the LCIB protein complement ∆NCE103, while the full length LCIB protein complements βca5 plants, so that both the yeast and plant mutants can grow in low CO2 conditions.
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Data Availability
All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and within its supplementary materials published online. Any data not shown are available from the corresponding author, James V. Moroney, upon request.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Realizing Improved Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE) initiative awarded to JVM by the University of Illinois, USA. RIPE is made possible through support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, FFAR and FCDO, grant OPP1172157. The authors are grateful to Lillian M LaPlace for her editorial input.
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All authors designed the experiments. RWK and AKR conducted the experiments. RWK and JVM wrote the manuscript and all authors reviewed the manuscript.
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Kasili, R.W., Rai, A.K. & Moroney, J.V. LCIB functions as a carbonic anhydrase: evidence from yeast and Arabidopsis carbonic anhydrase knockout mutants. Photosynth Res 156, 193–204 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01005-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01005-1