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Protecting effect of phosphorylation on oxidative damage of D1 protein by down-regulating the production of superoxide anion in photosystem II membranes under high light

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Abstract

The physiological significance of photosystem II (PSII) core protein phosphorylation has been suggested to facilitate the migration of oxidative damaged D1 and D2 proteins, but meanwhile the phosphorylation seems to be associated with the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and it also relates to the degradation of PSII reaction center proteins. To more clearly elucidate the possible protecting effect of the phosphorylation on oxidative damage of D1 protein, the degradation of oxidized D1 protein and the production of superoxide anion in the non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated PSII membranes were comparatively detected using the Western blotting and electron spin resonance spin-trapping technique, respectively. Obviously, all of three ROS components, including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical are responsible for the degradation of oxidized D1 protein, and the protection of the D1 protein degradation by phosphorylation is accompanied by the inhibition of superoxide anion production. Furthermore, the inhibiting effect of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), a competitor to QB, on superoxide anion production and its protecting effect on D1 protein degradation are even more obvious than those of phosphorylation. Both DCMU effects are independent of whether PSII membranes are phosphorylated or not, which reasonably implies that the herbicide DCMU and D1 protein phosphorylation probably share the same target site in D1 protein of PSII. So, altogether it can be concluded that the phosphorylation of D1 protein reduces the oxidative damage of D1 protein by decreasing the production of superoxide anion in PSII membranes under high light.

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Abbreviations

PSII:

Photosystem II

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

QB :

Secondary quinone electron acceptor

DCMU:

3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

ESR:

Electron spin resonance

Mes:

4-Morpholineethanesulfonic acid

Chl:

Chlorophyll

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

TCNE:

Tetracyanoethylene

SDS-PAGE:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

BMPO:

5-Tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide

DTPA:

Diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid

XOD:

Xanthine oxidase

HX:

Hypoxanthine

LHCII:

Light-harvesting complex II

Pheo:

Pheophytin-primary electron acceptor

QA :

Primary quinone electron acceptor

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20875093 and 90813021) and the Pilot Project of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KGCX2-EW-308-1’). The authors are very grateful to Dr. Ronald Charles Kurtenbach for the careful reading and the correction of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Lab for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Liangbing Chen, Hongying Jia, Qiu Tian, Libo Du, Yanli Gao & Yang Liu

  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Liangbing Chen & Yanli Gao

  3. Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China

    Xiaoxiang Miao

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  1. Liangbing Chen
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  2. Hongying Jia
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  3. Qiu Tian
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  4. Libo Du
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  5. Yanli Gao
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  7. Yang Liu
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Correspondence to Yang Liu.

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Chen, L., Jia, H., Tian, Q. et al. Protecting effect of phosphorylation on oxidative damage of D1 protein by down-regulating the production of superoxide anion in photosystem II membranes under high light. Photosynth Res 112, 141–148 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-012-9750-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-012-9750-9

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