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Contrasting patterns of carbon sequestration between Gilbertiodendron dewevrei monodominant forests and Scorodophloeus zenkeri mixed forests in the Central Congo basin

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Abstract

Aims

Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild.) J.Léonard monodominant forests (MOF) and Scorodophloeus zenkeri Harms mixed forests (MIF) frequently co-occur on similar soil conditions in the Central Congo basin. Although tree species composition is known to impact C storage, the patterns of C sequestration between those contrasted forest types as well as the associated drivers remain unknown.

Methods

Annual litterfall, as well as soil (forest floor and mineral soil down to 220 cm depth) organic C (SOC) and aboveground C (AGC) stocks were investigated in MIF and MOF located on highly weathered sandy soils in the Yoko Reserve (DRC).

Results

The annual leaf litterfall was similar under both forests but litterfall quality in MOF strongly differed by a set of traits related to organic matter recalcitrance. The SOC stock down to 220 cm was 55% higher under MOF compared to MIF, and the differences between forests remained significant down to 100 cm. While the combined SOC and AGC stocks were similar in both forests, the SOC stocks accounted for ca. 19 and 33% of the total C stocks in MIF and MOF, respectively.

Conclusions

Because of similar litterfall C inputs, we conclude that the greater SOC accumulation under G. dewevrei results from a limitation of the decomposition rate, in agreement with the traits of the corresponding leaf litter.

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Abbreviations

AGB :

Aboveground biomass

AGC:

Aboveground carbon biomass

Al-o :

Oxalate-extractable Al

BA:

Basal area

CEC:

Cation exchange capacity

DBH:

Diameter at 130 cm aboveground

DRC:

Democratic Republic of Congo

Fe-o :

Oxalate-extractable Fe

FF:

Forest floor

FFC :

Forest floor carbon

G. dewevrei :

Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild.) J.Léonard

ICP:

Inductively coupled plasma

MIF:

Semi-deciduous Scorodophloeus zenkeri Harms mixed forests

MOF :

Evergreen Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild.) J.Léonard monodominant forests

MS:

Mineral soil

MSC:

Mineral soil carbon

OL :

Non-decomposed fallen plant material

OF+OH :

Partly or strongly decomposed organic material

OM:

Organic matter

PCA:

Principal component analysis

SOC:

Soil organic carbon (forest floor + mineral soil)

S. zenkeri :

Scorodophloeus zenkeri Harms

SI:

Shannon diversity index

WSG:

Wood specific gravity

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Acknowledgments

Benoît Cassart obtained a PhD grant from the ‘Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (FNRS-FRIA), and received additional support for field work and laboratory analyses from a joint WBI-ERAIFT grant. Albert Angbonga Basia was funded by the ‘AFORCO – Appui à l’organisation d’un master en aménagement forestier pour le renforcement des capacités des chercheurs congolais en vue de la relance socio-économique de la République Démocratique du Congo’ project, funded by the ‘Commission Universitaire au Développement’ (CUD, ARES-CCD) and coordinated by Prof. Jan Bogaert (ULg – Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech). Enrique Andivia was partly funded by a post-doctoral Marie Curie incoming fellowship. All authors thank the numerous persons who contributed to the field work in DRC. They are also greateful to Karine Henin who carried out most of the chemical analyses, and to Joris Van Acker, Jan Van den Bulcke (Laboratory of Wood Technology, Ghent University), Hans Beeckman and Maaike De Ridder (Royal Museum for Central Africa), who provided access to the CT scan facilities for WSG determinations through the XYLAREDD project. We would also like to thank Kris Verheyen, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UCL-ELI, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.09, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Benoît Cassart, Hugues Titeux, Enrique Andivia & Quentin Ponette

  2. ERAIFT, Ecole Régionale Post-universitaire d’Aménagement et de Gestion Intégrés des Forêts et Territoires Tropicaux, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

    Benoît Cassart

  3. Institut Facultaire des Sciences Agronomiques de Yangambi, Yangambi/Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo

    Albert Angbonga Basia

  4. Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

    Enrique Andivia

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Cassart, B., Angbonga Basia, A., Titeux, H. et al. Contrasting patterns of carbon sequestration between Gilbertiodendron dewevrei monodominant forests and Scorodophloeus zenkeri mixed forests in the Central Congo basin. Plant Soil 414, 309–326 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3130-8

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