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Response of the population size and community structure of Paenibacillus spp. to different fertilization regimes in a long-term experiment of red soil

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Abstract

Background and aims

Paenibacillus spp. are widely considered to impact the fertility and health of soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate how different fertilization regimes affect the population size and community structure of Paenibacillus spp. over a long period of time in red soil.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from a long-term experiment and were then analyzed using real-time PCR and PCR-DGGE. The correlation analysis, PCA and RDA were used to explore the relationships among Paenibacillus spp. population, community structure and soil properties in different treatments.

Results

The pH was seriously decreased only by the application of chemical fertilizer. The largest population of Paenibacillus spp. was found in the soil treated with organic fertilizer application, while the richest diversity was observed in the soil treated only with the chemical fertilizer. The Paenibacillus spp., Paenibacillus alkaliterrae, Paenibacillus campinasensis, and Paenibacillus xylanilyticus were found in all treatments. Paenibacillus castaneae was found in the soil treated with NPK, and Paenibacillus pabuli was specifically observed in the lime-amended treatment. Paenibacillus taichungensis and Paenibacillus prosopidis were detected in the soil treated with only chemical fertilizer. Except for the ammonium and pH, all the tested soil fertility parameters (total C, total N, nitrate, available K and available P) could significantly affect both the Paenibacillus spp. population number and diversity. The soil pH was significantly correlated with Paenibacillus spp. diversity only.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the different long-term fertilization regimes have varied impact on both the Paenibacillus spp. population size and the diversity of the community associated with the soil properties tested. These results can help to enrich the information on the response of beneficial soil microbes to different long-term fertilization regimes.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127403), by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYZ201307), by Agricultural Ministry of China (201103004) and by Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization and Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Ning Ling, Chen Zhu, Yang Song, Guanghui Yu, Wei Ran, Qiwei Huang, Shiwei Guo & Qirong Shen

  2. Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science, Nanjing, 210042, China

    Dongsheng Wang

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  1. Ning Ling
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  2. Dongsheng Wang
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  3. Chen Zhu
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  4. Yang Song
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  5. Guanghui Yu
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  6. Wei Ran
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  7. Qiwei Huang
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  8. Shiwei Guo
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Correspondence to Qirong Shen.

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Responsible Editor: Jesus Mercado-Blanco.

Ning Ling and Dongsheng Wang contributed equally to this paper.

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Ling, N., Wang, D., Zhu, C. et al. Response of the population size and community structure of Paenibacillus spp. to different fertilization regimes in a long-term experiment of red soil. Plant Soil 383, 87–98 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2146-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2146-1

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