Abstract
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) plants were hydroponically cultivated to achieve NO3 deficiency (N starvation), salt stress (addition of 100 mM NaCl), or normal conditions. Endodermal (ECW) and rhizodermal and hypodermal cell walls (RHCW) were isolated enzymatically from roots, and suberin monomers were released by transesterification after solvent extraction. Aromatic and aliphatic suberin monomers were identified and quantified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Between 90 and 95% of the released suberin monomers were linear, long-chain, aliphatic compounds (alcohols, acids, diacids, ω-hydroxy acids and 2-hydroxy acids) with an average chain length of 19 C-atoms. The remainder was an aromatic suberin fraction mainly composed of coumaric and ferulic acid. Suberin amounts were significantly increased in ECW and RHCW in the presence of NaCl. In contrast, N starvation led to significantly reduced levels of suberization in ECW and RHCW. It is concluded that R. communis plants reinforce their apoplastic transport barriers in roots in adaptation to NaCl stress in order to minimize NaCl uptake. Under conditions of N starvation the opposite occurs and plants reduce the suberization of their apoplastic transport barriers to facilitate nutrient uptake form the soil.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ECW:
-
isolated endodermal cell walls
- RHCW:
-
isolated rhizodermal and hypodermal cell walls
References
M Carvajal D T Cooke D T Clarkson (1996) ArticleTitleResponses of wheat plants to nutrient deprivation may involve the regulation of water-channel function Planta 199 372–381 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00195729 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XksFGlsLw%3D
D T Clarkson (1991) Root structure and sites of ion uptake Y Waisel A Eshel U. Kafkafi (Eds) Plant Roots: The Hidden Half Marcel Dekker New York 417–453
D T Clarkson M Carvajal T Henzler R N Waterhouse A J Smyth D T Cooke E Steudle (2000) ArticleTitleRoot hydraulic conductance: diurnal aquaporin expression and the effects of nutrient stress J. Exp. Bot. 51 61–70 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/51.342.61 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXpslKjtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10938796
D E Enstone C A Peterson F Ma (2003) ArticleTitleRoot endodermis and exodermis: structure, function, and responses to the environment J. Plant Growth Regul. 21 335–351 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00344-003-0002-2
E Hose D T Clarkson E Steudle L Schreiber W Hartung (2001) ArticleTitleThe exodermis: A variable apoplastic barrier J. Exp. Bot. 52 2245–2264 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/52.365.2245 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXptVeis70%3D Occurrence Handle11709575
P E Kolattukudy V P Agrawal (1974) ArticleTitleStructure and composition of the aliphatic components of potato tuber skin Lipids 9 682–691 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE2MXivVGqtQ%3D%3D
K Kroemer (1903) ArticleTitleWurzelhaut, Hypodermis und Endodermis der Angiospermenwurzel Bib. Bot. 59 1–148
R L Nicholson R Hammerschmidt (1992) ArticleTitlePhenolic compounds and their role in disease resistance Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 30 369–389 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.py.30.090192.002101 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhvFWguw%3D%3D
G B North P S Nobel (1994) ArticleTitleChanges in root hydraulic conductivity for two tropical epiphytic cacti as soil moisture varies Am. J. Bot. 81 46–53
J Radin M Mattews (1989) ArticleTitleWater transport properties of cortical cells in roots of Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-deficient cotton seedlings Plant Physiol. 89 264–268 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXhtFeluro%3D
D H Reinhardt T L Rost (1995) ArticleTitleSalinity accelerates endodermal development and induces an exodermis in cotton seedling roots Environ. Exp. Bot. 35 563–574 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xht1agtr4%3D
B Sattelmacher K H Mühling K Pennewiß (1998) ArticleTitleThe apoplast – Its significance for the nutrition of higher plants Z. Pflanzenern. Bodenk. 161 485–498 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXntVWjtbg%3D
L Schreiber K Hartmann M Skrabs J Zeier (1999) ArticleTitleApoplastic barriers in roots: Chemical composition of endodermal and hypodermal cell walls J Exp. Bot. 50 1267–1280 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/50.337.1267 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltlKis78%3D
E Steudle C A Peterson (1998) ArticleTitleHow does water get through roots? J. Exp. Bot. 49 775–788 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/49.322.775 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjs1Sjurk%3D
E Vogt J Schönherr H W Schmidt (1983) ArticleTitleWater permeability of periderm membranes isolated enzymatically from potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) Planta 158 294–301 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00397330 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXkvVGgurs%3D
C A Wilson C A Peterson (1983) ArticleTitleChemical composition of the epidermal, hypodermal, endodermal and intervening cortical cell walls of various plant roots Ann. Bot. 51 759–769
J Zeier A Goll M Yokoyama I Karahara L Schreiber (1999a) ArticleTitleStructure and chemical composition of endodermal and rhizodermal/hypodermal walls of several species Plant Cell Environ. 22 271–279 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00401.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjt1Wru74%3D
J Zeier K Ruel U Ryser L Schreiber (1999b) ArticleTitleChemical analysis and immunolocalization of lignin and suberin in the endodermis and hypodermis/rhizodermis of developing maize (Zea mays L.) roots Planta 209 1–12 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvVCltLY%3D
J Zeier L Schreiber (1997) ArticleTitleChemical composition of hypodermal and endodermal cell walls and xylem vessels isolated from Clivia miniata: Identification of the biopolymers lignin and suberin Plant Physiol. 113 1223–1231 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXis1Gktro%3D Occurrence Handle12223670
J Zeier L Schreiber (1998) ArticleTitleComparative investigation of primary and tertiary endodermal cell walls isolated from the roots of five monocotyledoneous species: Chemical composition in relation to fine structure Planta 206 349–361 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004250050410 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlvVeju78%3D
H M Zimmermann K Hartmann L Schreiber E Steudle (2000) ArticleTitleChemical composition of apoplastic barriers in relation to radial hydraulic conductivity of corn roots Zea mays L Planta 210 302–311 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXisVahug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10664137
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schreiber, L., Franke, R. & Hartmann, K. Effects of NO 3 deficiency and NaCl stress on suberin deposition in rhizo- and hypodermal (RHCW) and endodermal cell walls (ECW) of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) roots. Plant Soil 269, 333–339 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-0721-6
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-0721-6