Photosynthetica 2011, 49(2):172-184 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-011-0029-8

Responses of leaf photosynthesis, pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence within canopy position in a boreal grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) to elevated temperature and CO2 under varying water regimes

Z. M. Ge1,2,*, X. Zhou1, S. Kellomäki1, K. Y. Wang1,2, H. Peltola1, P. J. Martikainen3
1 School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
2 Key laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
3 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

The effects of elevated growth temperature (ambient + 3.5°C) and CO2 (700 μmol mol-1) on leaf photosynthesis, pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence of a boreal perennial grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) under different water regimes (well watered to water shortage) were investigated. Layer-specific measurements were conducted on the top (younger leaf) and low (older leaf) canopy positions of the plants after anthesis. During the early development stages, elevated temperature enhanced the maximum rate of photosynthesis (P max) of the top layer leaves and the aboveground biomass, which resulted in earlier senescence and lower photosynthesis and biomass at the later periods. At the stage of plant maturity, the content of chlorophyll (Chl), leaf nitrogen (NL), and light response of effective photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) was significantly lower under elevated temperature than ambient temperature in leaves at both layers. CO2 enrichment enhanced the photosynthesis but led to a decline of NL and Chl content, as well as lower fluorescence parameters of ΦPSII and ETR in leaves at both layers. In addition, the down-regulation by CO2 elevation was significant at the low canopy position. Regardless of climate treatment, the water shortage had a strongly negative effect on the photosynthesis, biomass growth, and fluorescence parameters, particularly in the leaves from the low canopy position. Elevated temperature exacerbated the impact of water shortage, while CO2 enrichment slightly alleviated the drought-induced adverse effects on P max. We suggest that the light response of ΦPSII and ETR, being more sensitive to leaf-age classes, reflect the photosynthetic responses to climatic treatments and drought stress better than the fluorescence parameters under dark adaptation.

Additional key words: chlorophyll fluorescence; CO2; layer position; photosynthesis; pigment; temperature; water deficit

Received: July 1, 2010; Accepted: April 13, 2011; Published: June 1, 2011  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Ge, Z.M., Zhou, X., Kellomäki, S., Wang, K.Y., Peltola, H., & Martikainen, P.J. (2011). Responses of leaf photosynthesis, pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence within canopy position in a boreal grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) to elevated temperature and CO2 under varying water regimes. Photosynthetica, 49(2), 172-184. doi: 10.1007/s11099-011-0029-8
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Araus, J.L., Tapia, L.: Photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics of wheat flag leaf blades and sheaths during grain filling: The case of a spring crop grown under Mediterranean climate conditions. - Plant Physiol. 85: 667-673, 1987. Go to original source...
    2. Berry, J., Björkman, O.: Photosynthetic response and adaptation to temperature in higher plants. - Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 31: 491-543, 1980. Go to original source...
    3. Bota, J., Medrano, H., Flexas, J., Is photosynthesis limited by decreased Rubisco activity and RuBP content under progressive water stress? - New Phytol. 162: 671-681, 2004. Go to original source...
    4. Crafts-Brandner, S.J., Salvucci, M.E.: Rubisco activase constrains the photosynthetic potential of leaves at high temperature and CO2. - Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 13430-13435, 2000. Go to original source...
    5. Del Pozo, A., Pérez, P., Gutiérrez, D., Alonso, A., Morcuende, R., Martínez-Carrasco, R.: Gas exchange acclimation to elevated CO2 in upper-sunlit and lower-shaded canopy leaves in relation to nitrogen acquisition and partitioning in wheat grown in field chambers. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 59: 371-380, 2007. Go to original source...
    6. Demmig-Adams, B., Adams, W.W., III: Photoprotection and other responses of plants to high light stress. - Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 599-626, 1992. Go to original source...
    7. Drake, B.G., González-Meler, M.A., Long, S.P.: More efficient plants: A consequence of rising atmospheric CO2? - Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 48: 609-639, 1997. Go to original source...
    8. Erice, G., Irigoyen, J.J., Pérez, P., Martínez-Carrasco, R., Sánchez-Díaz, M.: Effect of elevated CO2, temperature and drought on photosynthesis of nodulated alfalfa during a cutting regrowth cycle. - Physiol. Plant. 126: 458-468, 2006. Go to original source...
    9. Flexas, J., Ribas-Carbó, M., Bota, J., Galmés, J., Henkle, M., Martínez-Cañellas, S., Medrano, H.: Decreased Rubisco activity during water stress is not induced by decreased relative water content but related to condition of low stomatal conductance and chloroplast CO2 concentration. - New Phytol. 172: 73-82, 2006. Go to original source...
    10. Genty, B., Briantais, J.M., Baker, N.R.: The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 990: 87-92, 1989. Go to original source...
    11. Hamerlynck, E.P., Huxman, T.E., Loik, M.E., Smith, S.D.: Effects of extreme high temperature, drought and elevated CO2 on photosynthesis of the Mojave Desert evergreen shrub, Larrea tridentate. - Plant Ecol. 148: 183-193, 2000. Go to original source...
    12. Hu, L.X., Wang, Z.L., Huang, B.R.: Diffusion limitations and metabolic factors associated with inhibition and recovery of photosynthesis from drought stress in a C3 perennial grass species. - Physiol. Plant. 139: 93-106, 2010. Go to original source...
    13. Hymus, G.J., Baker, N.R., Long, S.P.: Growth in elevated CO2 can both increase and decrease photochemistry and photoinhibition of photosynthesis in a predictable manner. Dactylis glomerata grown in two levels of nitrogen nutrition. - Plant Physiol. 127: 1204-1211, 2001. Go to original source...
    14. Kellomäki, S., Strandman, H., Nuutinen, T., Peltola, H., Korhonen, K.T. and Väisänen, H.: Adaptation Of Forest Ecosystems, Forests and Forestry to Climate Change. - FINADAPT Working Paper 4. Pp. 44. Finnish Environment Institute Mimeographs 334, Helsinki 2005.
    15. Kellomäki, S., Wang, K.Y., Lemettinen, M.: Controlled environment chambers for investigating tree response to elevated CO2 and temperature under boreal conditions. - Photosynthetica 38: 69-81, 2000. Go to original source...
    16. Kitao, M., Lei, T.T., Koike, T., Kayama, M., Tobita, H., Maruyama, Y.: Interaction of drought and elevated CO2 concentration on photosynthetic down-regulation and susceptibility to photoinhibition in Japanese white birch seedlings grown with limited N availability. - Tree Physiol. 27: 727-735, 2007. Go to original source...
    17. Kurasová, I., Kalina, J., ©troch, M., Urban, O., ©punda, V.: Response of photosynthetic apparatus of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to combined effect of elevated CO2 concentration and different growth irradiance. - Photosynthetica 41: 209-219, 2003. Go to original source...
    18. Lambers, H.: Respiration in intact plants and tissues: its regulation and dependence on environmental factors, metabolism and invaded organisms. - In: Douce, R., Day, D.A. (ed.): Higher Plant Cell Respiration. Pp. 418-473. Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York - Tokyo 1985. Go to original source...
    19. Lichtenhalter, H.K.: Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. - In: Collowick, S.P., Kaplan, N.O.: Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 148: 350-382. Academic Press, San Diego - New York - Berkeley - Boston - London - Sydney - Tokyo - Toronto 1987. Go to original source...
    20. Lu, Q.T., Wen, X.G., Lu, C.M., Zhang, Q.D., Kuang, T.Y.: Photoinhibition and photoprotection in senescent leaves of field-grown wheat plants. - Plant Physiol. Bioch. 41: 749-754, 2003. Go to original source...
    21. Martínez-Carrasco, R., Pérez, P., Morcuende, R.: Interactive effects of elevated CO2, temperature and nitrogen on photosynthesis of wheat grown under temperature gradient tunnels. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 54: 49-59, 2005. Go to original source...
    22. Maxwell, K., Johnson, G.N.: Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide. - J. Exp. Bot. 51: 659-668, 2000. Go to original source...
    23. Osborne, C.P., LaRoche, J., Garcia, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Wall, G.W., Pinter, P.J. Jr, Lamorte, R.L., Hendrey, G.R., Long, S.P.: Does leaf position within a canopy affect acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2? Analysis of a wheat crop under free-air CO2 enrichment - Plant Physiol. 117: 1037-1045, 1998. Go to original source...
    24. Parry, M.A.J., Andralojc, P.J., Khan, S., Lea, P.J., Keys, A.J.: Rubisco activity: effects of drought stress. - Ann. Bot. 89: 833-839, 2002. Go to original source...
    25. Pérez, P., Morcuende, R., Martín del Molino, I., Martínez-Carrasco, R.: Diurnal changes of Rubisco in response to elevated CO2, temperature and nitrogen in wheat grown under temperature gradient tunnels. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 53: 13-27, 2005. Go to original source...
    26. Pérez, P., Zita, G., Morcuende, R., Martínez-Carrasco, R.: Elevated CO2 and temperature differentially affect photosynthesis and resource allocation in flag and penultimate leaves of wheat. - Photosynthetica 45: 9-17, 2007. Go to original source...
    27. Robredo, A., Pérez-López, U., de la Maza, H.S., González-Moro, B., Lacuesta, M., Mena-Petite, A., Munoz-Rueda, A.: Elevated CO2 alleviates the impact of drought on barley improving water status by lowering stomatal conductance and delaying its effects on photosynthesis. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 59: 252-263, 2007. Go to original source...
    28. Rogers, A., Fischer, B.U., Bryant, J., Frehner, M., Blum, H., Raines, C.A., Long, S.P.: Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 under low-nitrogen nutrition is affected by the capacity for assimilate utilization perennial ryegrass under free air CO2 enrichment. - Plant Physiol. 118: 683-689, 1998. Go to original source...
    29. Sahramaa, M., Jauhiainen, L.: Characterization of development and stem elongation of reed canary grass under northern conditions. - Ind. Crop. Prod. 18: 155-169, 2003. Go to original source...
    30. Sayed, O.H.: Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in cereal crop research. - Photosynthetica 41: 321-330, 2003. Go to original source...
    31. Stitt, M., Krapp, A.: The interaction between elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen nutrition: the physiological and molecular background. - Plant Cell Environ. 22: 583-621, 1999. Go to original source...
    32. Wu, F.Z., Bao, W.K., Li, F.L., Wu, N.: Effects of water stress and nitrogen supply on leaf gas exchange and fluorescence parameters of Sophora davidii seedlings. - Photosynthetica 46: 40-48, 2008. Go to original source...
    33. Wullschleger, S.D., Tschaplinski, T.J., Norby, R.J.: Plant water relations at elevated CO2 - implications for water-limited environments. - Plant Cell Environ. 25: 319-331, 2002. Go to original source...
    34. Xu, Z.Z., Zhou, G.S.: Combined effects of water stress and high temperature on photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and lipid peroxidation of a perennial grass Leymus chinensis. - Planta 224: 1080-1090, 2006. Go to original source...
    35. Yamasaki, T., Yamakawa, T., Yamane, Y., Koike, H., Satoh, K., Katoh, S.: Temperature acclimation of photosynthesis and related changes in photosystem II electron transport in winter wheat. - Plant Physiol. 128: 1087-1097, 2002. Go to original source...
    36. Zhou, X., Ge, Z.M., Kellomäki, S., Wang, K.Y., Peltola, H., Martikainen, P.: Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on leaf characteristics, photosynthesis and carbon storage in aboveground biomass of a boreal bioenergy crop (Phalaris arundinacea L.) under varying water regimes. - Global. Change Biol. Bioenergy 3: 223-234, 2011. Go to original source...
    37. Zhou, X., Ge, Z.M., Kellomäki, S., Wang, K.Y., Peltola, H., Martikainen, P., Lemettinen, M., Hassinen, A., Ikonen, R.: Multi-objective environment chamber system for studying plant response to climate change under boreal conditions. - Photosynthetica (Submitted)
    38. Zhou, Y.H., Lam, H.M., Zhang, J.H.: Inhibition of photosynthesis and energy dissipation induced by water and high light stresses in rice. - J. Exp. Bot. 58: 1207-1217, 2007. Go to original source...

    Return to the content