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Porosity Connectivity Within the Spinel Layer of the 9Cr Steel Grade 91 when Exposed to High-Temperature Steam

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Abstract

Focused ion beam nanotomography has been employed in the study of pore morphology in spinel oxide formed on Grade 91 steel exposed to high-temperature steam for 1, 24 and 100 h under laboratory settings and at 91 kh in-service. The pores, also termed voids, exhibited a higher degree of connectivity than was expected and are likely to make a significant contribution to the prevailing mass transport mechanism across the scale. A mechanism for the formation of these pores and their relationship to other microstructural features is discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the UK Department for Business, Innovation & Skills for providing funding and E.on UK for the provision of materials via Material‐Component Performance‐driven solution for Long‐Term Efficiency Increase in Ultra Supercritical Power Plants (MACPLUS®) project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Physical Laboratories, Hampton Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK

    David M. Gorman & Antony T. Fry

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  1. David M. Gorman
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  2. Antony T. Fry
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Correspondence to Antony T. Fry.

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Gorman, D.M., Fry, A.T. Porosity Connectivity Within the Spinel Layer of the 9Cr Steel Grade 91 when Exposed to High-Temperature Steam. Oxid Met 88, 435–446 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-016-9674-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-016-9674-4

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