Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Impacts of energy-related CO2 emissions in China: a spatial panel data technique

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Natural Hazards Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions cause great concern around the world, a large amount of literature focuses on the impact factors of CO2 emissions. However, there is little specific guidance on the spatial effects of variables and regional characteristics of CO2 emissions in China. Based on spatial panel methods, this paper used a STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology) model to examine the impact of energy-related factors on CO2 emissions in China. Then, the spillover effects of China’s provincial per capita CO2 emissions have been tested. The results indicate that there exist obvious spatial correlation and spatial agglomeration features in spatial distribution of per capita CO2 emissions. Spatial economic model is demonstrated to offer a greater explanatory power than the traditional non-spatial panel model. Moreover, GDP per capita, energy intensity, industrial structure and urbanization have positive and significant effects on CO2 emissions, while the coefficient of population is not significant. According to these results, this paper proposes some policy suggestions on reducing China’s CO2 emissions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akbostancı E, Türüt-Aşık S, Tunç Gİ (2009) The relationship between income and environment in Turkey: Is there an environmental Kuznets curve? Energy Policy 37:861–867

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Mulali U, Ozturk I (2015) The effect of energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, industrial output, and the political stability on the environmental degradation in the MENA (Middle East and North African) region. Energy 84:382–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Mulali U, Tang CF, Ozturk I (2015) Does financial development reduce environmental degradation? Evidence from a panel study of 129 countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22:14891–14900

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Apergis N, Ozturk I (2015) Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Asian countries. Ecol Indic 52:16–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burnett JW, Bergstrom JC, Dorfman JH (2013) A spatial panel data approach to estimating U.S. state-level energy emissions. Energy Econ 40:396–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang N (2014) Changing industrial structure to reduce carbon dioxide emissions: a Chinese application. J Clean Prod 103:40–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang CC, Soruco Carballo CF (2011) Energy conservation and sustainable economic growth: the case of Latin America and the Caribbean. Energy Policy 39:4215–4221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dietz T, Rosa E (1997) Effects of population and affluence on CO2 emissions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:175–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich P, Holdren J (1971) The impact of population growth. Science 171:1212–1217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elhorst JP (2012) Matlab software for spatial panels. Int Reg Sci Rev 3(7):389–405

    Google Scholar 

  • Farhani S, Ozturk I (2015) Causal relationship between CO2 emissions, real GDP, energy consumption, financial development, trade openness, and urbanization in Tunisia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22:15663–15676

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hao Y, Liu YM (2015) The influential factors of urban PM2.5 concentrations in China: a spatial econometric analysis. J Clean Prod 2015:1-11. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.005

  • IEA (2013) World energy outlook 2013. International Energy Agency, Paris

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Mu H, Zhang M, Gui S (2012) Analysis of regional difference on impact factors of China’s energy—related CO2 emissions. Energy 39:319–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin BQ, Jiang ZJ (2009) Environmental Kuznets curve: the prediction and the analysis of influencing factors of the CO2 of China. Manag World 4:27–36 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin S, Zhao D, Marinova D (2009) Analysis of the environmental impact of China based on STIRPAT model. Environ Impact Assess Rev 29:341–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma B (2015) Does urbanization affect energy intensities across provinces in China? Long-run elasticities estimation using dynamic panels with heterogeneous slopes. Energy Econ 49:390–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maddison D (2006) Environmental Kuznets curves: a spatial econometric approach. J Environ Econ Manag 51:218–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meng L, Je Guo, Chai J, Zhang Z (2011) China’s regional CO2 emissions: characteristics, inter-regional transfer and emission reduction policies. Energy Policy 39:6136–6144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Bureau of Statistics of China (1998–2013a) China energy statistical yearbook. China Statistical Press, Beijing

  • National Bureau of Statistics of China (1998–2013b) China statistical yearbook. China Statistical Press, Beijing

  • O’Neill BC, Ren X, Jiang L, Dalton M (2012) The effect of urbanization on energy use in India and China in the iPETS model. Energy Econ 34:S339–S345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pao HT, Tsai CM (2011) Modeling and forecasting the CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in Brazil. Energy 36:2450–2458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poumanyvong P, Kaneko S (2010) Does urbanization lead to less energy use and lower CO2 emissions? A cross-country analysis. Ecol Econ 70:434–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saboori B, Sulaiman J (2013) Environmental degradation, economic growth and energy consumption: evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve in Malaysia. Energy Policy 60:892–905

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sadorsky P (2014) The effect of urbanization on CO2 emissions in emerging economies. Energy Econ 41:147–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shafiei S, Salim RA (2014) Non-renewable and renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in OECD countries: a comparative analysis. Energy Policy 66:547–556

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahbaz M, Sbia R, Hamdi H, Ozturk I (2014) Economic growth, electricity consumption, urbanization and environmental degradation relationship in United Arab Emirates. Ecol Indic 45:622–631

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma SS (2011) Determinants of carbon dioxide emissions: empirical evidence from 69 countries. Appl Energy 88:376–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tian X, Chang M, Shi F, Tanikawa H (2014) How does industrial structure change impact carbon dioxide emissions? A comparative analysis focusing on nine provincial regions in China. Environ Sci Policy 37:243–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Yang L (2015) Delinking indicators on regional industry development and carbon emissions: Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei economic band case. Ecol Indic 48:41–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Zhao T (2015) Impacts of energy-related CO2 emissions: evidence from under developed, developing and highly developed regions in China. Ecol Indic 50:186–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Kang L, Wu X, Xiao Y (2013) Estimating the environmental Kuznets curve for ecological footprint at the global level: a spatial econometric approach. Ecol Indic 34:15–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Fang C, Guan X, Pang B, Ma H (2014) Urbanisation, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions in China: a panel data analysis of China’s provinces. Appl Energy 136:738–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wei YD (2015) Spatiality of regional inequality. Appl Geogr 61:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin J, Zheng M, Chen J (2015) The effects of environmental regulation and technical progress on CO2 Kuznets curve: an evidence from China. Energy Policy 77:97–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YJ, Da YB (2013) Decomposing the changes of energy-related carbon emissions in China: evidence from the PDA approach. Nat Hazards 69:1109–1122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YJ, Da YB (2015) The decomposition of energy-related carbon emission and its decoupling with economic growth in China. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 41:1255–1266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang C, Lin Y (2012) Panel estimation for urbanization, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: a regional analysis in China. Energy Policy 49:488–498

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YJ, Liu Z, Zhang H, Tan TD (2014) The impact of economic growth, industrial structure and urbanization on carbon emission intensity in China. Nat Hazards 73:579–595

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71373172) and Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund Project of Ministry of Education (No. 15YJA790091).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, China

    Yan-Qing Kang & Tao Zhao

  2. School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

    Peng Wu

Authors
  1. Yan-Qing Kang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tao Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Peng Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yan-Qing Kang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kang, YQ., Zhao, T. & Wu, P. Impacts of energy-related CO2 emissions in China: a spatial panel data technique. Nat Hazards 81, 405–421 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-2087-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-2087-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation