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Protective Effects of Glatiramer Acetate Against Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats: A Role for Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress

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Abstract

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major challenge for cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy with paclitaxel. Therefore, finding effective therapies for CIPN is crucial. Glatiramer acetate is used to treat multiple sclerosis that exerts neuroprotective properties in various studies. We hypothesized that glatiramer acetate could also improve the paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. We used a rat model of paclitaxel (2 mg/kg/every other day for 7 doses)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Rats were treated with either different doses of glatiramer acetate (1, 2, 4 mg/kg/day) or its vehicle for 14 days in separate groups. The mechanical and thermal sensitivity of the rats by using the Von Frey test and the Hot Plate test, respectively, were assessed during the study. The levels of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase), inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-10, NF-kB), and nerve damage (H&E and S100B staining) in the sciatic nerves of the rats were also measured at the end of study. Glatiramer acetate (2 and 4 mg/kg) exerted beneficial effects on thermal and mechanical allodynia tests. It also modulated the inflammatory response by reducing TNF-α and NF-κB levels, enhancing IL-10 production, and improving the oxidative stress status by lowering malondialdehyde and increasing superoxide dismutase activity in the sciatic nerve of the rats. Furthermore, glatiramer acetate enhanced nerve conduction velocity in all treatment groups. Histological analysis revealed that glatiramer acetate (2 and 4 mg/kg) prevented paclitaxel-induced damage to the nerve structure. These results suggest that glatiramer acetate can alleviate the peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel.

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sajad Dekamin, Ahmad Reza Dehpour, Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari & Hamed Shafaroodi

  2. Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sajad Dekamin, Ahmad Reza Dehpour & Hamed Shafaroodi

  3. Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sajad Dekamin

  4. Department of Neurology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, 01803, USA

    Mehdi Ghasemi

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Contributions

SD: Writing—original draft, review & editing, Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Investigation; MG: Writing—original draft, review & editing, Conceptualization, Methodology; ARD: Writing—review & editing, Conceptualization, Methodology; MG-K: Writing— review & editing, Conceptualization, Methodology; HS: Writing—review & editing, Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Formal Analysis.

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Correspondence to Hamed Shafaroodi.

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The study was performed according to the guidelines of the US National Institute of Health (NIH publication no.85.23, revised 1985) for the care of laboratory animals followed by the institutional Association for the Study of Pain guidelines for American experiments and after ethical approval by Tehran University of Medical Sciences ethics committee.

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Dekamin, S., Ghasemi, M., Dehpour, A.R. et al. Protective Effects of Glatiramer Acetate Against Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats: A Role for Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress. Neurochem Res 49, 1049–1060 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-023-04088-3

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