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Does Global Astrocytic Calcium Signaling Participate in Awake Brain State Transitions and Neuronal Circuit Function?

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Abstract

We continuously need to adapt to changing conditions within our surrounding environment, and our brain needs to quickly shift between resting and working activity states in order to allow appropriate behaviors. These global state shifts are intimately linked to the brain-wide release of the neuromodulators, noradrenaline and acetylcholine. Astrocytes have emerged as a new player participating in the regulation of brain activity, and have recently been implicated in brain state shifts. Astrocytes display global Ca2+ signaling in response to activation of the noradrenergic system, but whether astrocytic Ca2+ signaling is causative or correlative for shifts in brain state and neural activity patterns is not known. Here we review the current available literature on astrocytic Ca2+ signaling in awake animals in order to explore the role of astrocytic signaling in brain state shifts. Furthermore, we look at the development and availability of innovative new methodological tools that are opening up for new ways of visualizing and perturbing astrocyte activity in awake behaving animals. With these new tools at hand, the field of astrocyte research will likely be able to elucidate the causal and mechanistic roles of astrocytes in complex behaviors within a very near future.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Office of Naval Research/Department of the Navy, JPND, and NIH.

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  1. Rune Rasmussen

    Present address: Department of Biomedicine, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience – DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Basic and Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Building 24.2, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark

    Celia Kjaerby, Rune Rasmussen, Mie Andersen & Maiken Nedergaard

  2. Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA

    Maiken Nedergaard

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  1. Celia Kjaerby
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  2. Rune Rasmussen
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Correspondence to Maiken Nedergaard.

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Celia Kjaerby and Rune Rasmussen have contributed equally to this work.

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Kjaerby, C., Rasmussen, R., Andersen, M. et al. Does Global Astrocytic Calcium Signaling Participate in Awake Brain State Transitions and Neuronal Circuit Function?. Neurochem Res 42, 1810–1822 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-017-2195-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-017-2195-y

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