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Retrospective Analysis of Tinea Capitis in Xinjiang, China

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Abstract

Tinea capitis is a cutaneous infection of dermatophytes and predominant in children. It is one of common infectious diseases of children in Xinjiang, particularly in the southern Xinjiang. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical and mycological characteristics of patients with tinea capitis in Xinjiang China. Medical records from 2010 to 2021, Mycology Laboratory Department of Dermatology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, retrospectively investigated the clinical and mycological characteristics of 198 patients with tinea capitis. Hairs have been obtained for fungal examination, and analysis with 20% KOH and Fungus Fluorescence Staining Solution has been conducted. Identification of fungi was using of morphological and molecular biological methods. Among total number of 198 patients, 189 (96%) were children with tinea capitis, of which 119 (63%) were male and 70 (37%) were female; 9 (4%) were adult patients with tinea capitis, of which 7 were female and 2 were male. Preschool children between the ages of 3 and 5 years had the highest distribution (54%), followed by those between the ages of 6 and 12 years (33%), the ages under 2 years (11%) and the ages of 13–15 years (2%) respectively. Among all patients, 135 (68.18%) were Uygur, 53 (26.77%) were Han, 5 (2.53%) were Kazak, 3 (1.52%) were Hui, 1 (0.5%) was Mongolian and nationality information of 1 patient (0.5%) is unknown. The indentification results of the isolates showed that 195 (98%) patients had single-species infections and 3 (2%) patients had double mixed infections. Among single-species infection patients, Microsporum canis (n = 82, 42.05%), Microsporum ferrugineum (n = 56, 28.72%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n = 22, 11.28%) were the most prevalent species. Other dermatophytes included Trichophyton tonsurans (n = 12, 6.15%), Trichophyton violaceum (n = 10, 5.13%), Trichophyton schoenleinii (n = 9, 4.62%) and Trichophyton verrucosum (n = 4, 2.05%). Among 3 cases of mixed infections, 1 was M. canis + T. tonsurans (n = 1), and the other 2 were M.canis + T.mentagrophytes (n = 2). In conclusion, the majority of tinea capitis patients in Xinjiang, China are Uygur male children aged 3–5 years. M. canis was the most prevalent species causing tinea capitis in Xinjiang. These results provide useful information for the treatment and prevention of tinea capitis.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Xinjiang Nature Science Foundation (No 2021D01E30) of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 81560339; 81960366, 81760360). Gratefully acknowledge the help from the Research Center of Medical Mycology in Beijing University for their identification of isolates. We would like to thank all participants who participated in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China

    Xiaodong Wang, Reyila Abuliezi, Hadiliya Hasimu, Lijuan Zhang & Paride Abliz

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  1. Xiaodong Wang
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  2. Reyila Abuliezi
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Correspondence to Paride Abliz.

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Wang, X., Abuliezi, R., Hasimu, H. et al. Retrospective Analysis of Tinea Capitis in Xinjiang, China. Mycopathologia 188, 523–529 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-022-00702-0

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