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Self authenticating medical X-ray images for telemedicine applications

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Abstract

Telemedicine focuses on sharing medical images over network among doctors for better consultation. Hence medical images must be protected from unwanted modifications (intentional/unintentional) over network. Digital watermarking can be used for this purpose. ROI based watermarking hide’s ROI (Region of Interest) information in NROI (Non-Interested Regions of Interest) regions in general. Most of the existing watermarking methods used in telemedicine are block based. Main drawback of block based watermarking is exact localization of exact tampered pixels, as even if single pixel of a block is altered the whole block is detected as tampered. Thus this paper proposes a pixel based watermark technique so that alteration can be detected exactly. This method works in three phases: first, separates the ROI and NROI, second some information depending on the relative size of ROI and NROI the ROI is embedded in NROI using LSBs of ROI. Third, a tamper detection algorithm is proposed for detecting the tampered pixels exactly. Performance of proposed method when compared with state-of-art block based approaches is found to be best having 33db of PSNR value and 80% of accuracy on an average.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, India

    Rajitha Bakthula & Suneeta Agarwal

  2. Thapar University, Patiala, India

    Shivendra Shivani

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  1. Rajitha Bakthula
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  2. Shivendra Shivani
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  3. Suneeta Agarwal
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Correspondence to Rajitha Bakthula.

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Bakthula, R., Shivani, S. & Agarwal, S. Self authenticating medical X-ray images for telemedicine applications. Multimed Tools Appl 77, 8375–8392 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4738-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4738-2

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