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Comparative study of mixed convection heat transfer of water–Cu nanofluid in an enclosure having multiple rotating circular cylinders with different configurations and considering harmonic cylinders rotation

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Abstract

In the present study, heat transfer in a lid-driven square cavity in the existence of four rotating cylinders having harmonic motion was investigated numerically for different parameters such as Richardson number (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), the volume fraction of the nanoparticles (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.03) and Reynolds number (86.2 ≤ Re ≤ 862). The enclosure filled with water–Cu nanofluids. Seven different cases were studied to find the best position and diameter ratio of cylinders. The results of this study presented in term of contours, Nusselt number, velocity profile, PEC number, entropy generation. This study demonstrated that heat transfer affected by the inertial force, buoyancy force, and changing in thermophysical properties of the base-fluid. Also, we found that the combination of harmonic motion and decrease in space between walls and cylinders makes the heat transfer behavior and trend, unpredictable. Another outcome of this numerical study is the effect of adding nanoparticle to pure water. In general, increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in pure water improved the thermophysical properties of the fluid. However, in some cases, shear effects and buoyancy forces changed this improvement.

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Abbreviations

C p :

Specific heat at constant pressure (J kg−1 K−1)

g :

Gravitational acceleration (m s−2)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

H :

Cavity height (m)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

Nu:

Nusselt number

p :

Pressure (Pa)

Ri:

Richardson number

Re:

Reynolds number

Ta:

Taylor number

S gen‴:

Dimensionless local total entropy generation

T :

Temperature (K)

u, v :

Velocity components in x, y direction (m s−1)

U 0 :

Dimensionless velocity of lid-driven

U, V :

Dimensionless velocity, u/U0, v/U0

x, y :

Cartesian coordinates (m)

X, Y :

Dimensionless Cartesian coordinates, x/H, y/H

β :

Thermal expansion coefficient (1 K−1)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

θ :

Dimensionless temperature

ϕ :

Volume fraction of nanoparticles

χ :

Irreversibility factor

Ω:

Dimensionless Angular velocity

ω 0 :

Angular velocity (rad s−1)

c:

Cold

h:

Hot

bf:

Base fluid

nf:

Nanofluid

sp:

Solid particle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran

    Nima Shirani & Davood Toghraie

  2. Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Sara Rostami

  3. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Sara Rostami

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  1. Nima Shirani
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  2. Davood Toghraie
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  3. Sara Rostami
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Correspondence to Sara Rostami.

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Shirani, N., Toghraie, D. & Rostami, S. Comparative study of mixed convection heat transfer of water–Cu nanofluid in an enclosure having multiple rotating circular cylinders with different configurations and considering harmonic cylinders rotation. J Therm Anal Calorim 144, 1557–1570 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09624-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09624-9

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