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Laponite-graphene oxide hybrid particulate filler enhances mechanical properties of cross-linked epoxy

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Abstract

A new hybrid of Laponite and graphene oxide (LGO), prepared in aqueous media by ultrasonication followed by solvent evaporation was used to reinforce epoxy matrix. The hybrid system was dispersed in liquid epoxy using a two-step solvent-assisted process. The suspensions showed negligible enhancements in processing barrier as revealed by rheology. A combinatorial analysis of small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and microscopy suggested uniform dispersion of nanofillers in the matrix. The fillers showed fractal dimensions in polymer matrix as inferred from SAXS studies. Below 0.5 wt% LGO, the structure showed surface fractal and above 0.5 wt% the composites showed mass fractal, indicating a transformation from well-dispersed to agglomerated composites as the filler content increases. The composites exhibited substantial improvements in various mechanical properties. Notably, the flexural strength and modulus increased by ~23% and ~29%, respectively, with only 0.5 wt% LGO and the fracture toughness showed an increment of ~23% with 0.3 wt% LGO in epoxy matrix. A bimodal distribution of glass transition temperature (T g ) with improved T g was obtained for the composites. The simultaneous strengthening and toughening effects of nanofillers are explained by means of fractography.

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Acknowledgements

TUP would like to thankfully acknowledge lab facilities and financial support from DIAT (DIAT/F/MATE/4845/TUP) and the funding from DST under Fast Track Project for Young Scientist (SB/FT/CS-043/2012). We would like to thank Dr. R. K. Goyal, COEP, Pune for TGA studies. The funding from DRDO–DIAT Program on Nanomaterials by ER-IPR, DRDO is thankfully acknowledged.

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Author notes

  1. Devesh K. Chouhan

    Present address: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India

  2. Arvind Kumar

    Present address: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science and Educational Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune, 411025, India

    Devesh K. Chouhan & T. Umasankar Patro

  2. Department of Applied Physics, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune, 411025, India

    Arvind Kumar & Prasant S. Alegaonkar

  3. Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Defence Research & Development Organization, Ambernath, Thane, 411008, India

    Sangram K. Rath

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India

    Sanjay Kumar & G. Harikrishnan

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  1. Devesh K. Chouhan
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Correspondence to T. Umasankar Patro.

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Chouhan, D.K., Kumar, A., Rath, S.K. et al. Laponite-graphene oxide hybrid particulate filler enhances mechanical properties of cross-linked epoxy. J Polym Res 25, 60 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-018-1461-2

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