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Synthesis and characterisation of novel flame retardant polyurethanes containing designed phosphorus units

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Abstract

In this study, 2-carboxyethyl(phenyl)phosphinic acid (CEPPA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) are used to synthesise a novel flame retardant containing phosphorus units: 5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpentyl-3-[2-carboxyethylphenylphosphine]propanoate (HMCPP). Then, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is taken as a hard segment, with HMCPP and polycaprolactone diol (PCL) as soft segments, and 1,4-butanediol (BD) is used as a chain extender to prepare a novel polyurethane (HMCPP/PUs). The results of 1H NMR and FT-IR reveal the successful synthesis of the HMCPP flame retardant. The gel permeation chromatography analysis demonstrates that an increase in the HMCPP content is accompanied by a decrease in the molecular weight of PU. The FT-IR analysis reveals the complete NCO group exhaustion of PU and HMCPP/PUs. The thermal analysis shows that the initial decomposition temperature of PU is higher than that of HMCPP/PUs by 19 °C. Both DMA and DSC analyses show that the Tg and the dynamic Tg of PU are higher than those of HMCPP/PU. Stress-strain tests indicate that the HMCPP content is increased, the maximum stress and Young’s modulus of HMCPP/PUs are decreased, and the elongation at break is increased. All of the HMCPP/PUs exhibit excellent flame retardancy, obtaining higher than 27.7 in limiting oxygen indices and a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, 10607, Republic of China

    Shih-Hsuan Chiu, Cheng-Lung Wu & Jia-Hao Gu

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Vanung University, Jongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 32061, Republic of China

    Hsun-Tsing Lee

  3. Department of Creative Fashion Design, Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology, No. 414, Sec. 3, Jhongshan E. Rd, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 32091, Republic of China

    Maw-Cherng Suen

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  1. Shih-Hsuan Chiu
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  2. Cheng-Lung Wu
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  3. Hsun-Tsing Lee
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  4. Jia-Hao Gu
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Correspondence to Maw-Cherng Suen.

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Chiu, SH., Wu, CL., Lee, HT. et al. Synthesis and characterisation of novel flame retardant polyurethanes containing designed phosphorus units. J Polym Res 23, 205 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-016-1098-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-016-1098-y

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