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Preparation and application of granular bentonite-eggshell composites for heavy metal removal

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Abstract

To develop an efficient, low-cost and green adsorbent for removing heavy metals from acid mine drainage (AMD), bentonite and eggshell were used to prepare a novel granular composite (BEP) adsorbent. Upon coupling of bentonite and eggshell with one another, BEP had the structural characteristics and merits of both bentonite and component CaCO3 of eggshell, and the interlayer spacing of Ca-bentonite increased from 1.46 to 1.78 nm by the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Such characteristics made BEP superior to single montmorillonite or eggshell for significantly higher Pb ion removal ratio of 99.90%, adsorption amount of about 40 mg·g−1 and granulation integrity of 96.90% after adsorption. More importantly, this granular adsorbent was able to enhance the pH value of acid mine drainage from 3.00 to 6.10, and thus the acid neutralization capability of BEP can reduce H+ competitive adsorption. Moreover, the prepared material could overcome the negative effect of fine bentonite used in aqueous medium, and thereby realize the solid-liquid separation of adsorbent and wastewater. In addition, the Elovich kinetic model fitted well for the adsorption process of Pb by BEP, and the possible removal mechanisms included ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption and complexation effects between BEP and Pb.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51764003, 51974096), Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province, China (No. 2018GXNSFAA281286) for financing this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Guifang Wang, Na Liu, Jinliang Zhu, Huizhen Xiao & Chenhui Ding

  2. Sinosteel Mining Company Limited, Sinosteel Corporation, Beijing, 100080, China

    Shuai Zhang

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  1. Guifang Wang
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  2. Na Liu
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Correspondence to Guifang Wang.

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Wang, G., Liu, N., Zhang, S. et al. Preparation and application of granular bentonite-eggshell composites for heavy metal removal. J Porous Mater 29, 817–826 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-022-01208-2

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