Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Films of Chitosan, Carboxymethyl Chitosan, and Their Blends

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymers and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstracts

Transparent films of chitosan (CH), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH), and their blends were prepared using water or acetic acid as solvent and glycerol as plasticizer. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of cross-section of the films indicated a multilayer structure for CH film and a compact and continuous one for CMCH film. In both solvent systems, increasing of concentration of plasticizer resulted in decreasing of tensile strength (TS) and increasing of elongation at break (% ε b ) of CMCH films. Moreover, CMCH films exhibited water vapor and oxygen barrier properties in the range of the values accepted for food packaging films (0.59–0.89 × 10−14 kg/s m Pa and 0.8–3.1 × 10−3 ccO2/m day atm). Although the barrier properties of CMCH films were comparable with that of CH films, CH film had significantly higher TS and % ε b . Blending of CMCH with CH (75 and 25 %, respectively) significantly enhanced the TS and % ε b of the obtained film compared to CMCH films (2.1 and 1.7 times, respectively). The water vapor and oxygen permeabilities (1.25 × 10−14 kg/s m Pa and 3.4 × 10−3 ccO2/m day atm, respectively) were still comparable with films of CH and CMCH.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

CMCH:

Carboxymethyl chitosan

CH:

Chitosan

WVP:

Water vapor permeability

TS:

Tensile strength

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

εb :

Elongation at break

References

  1. Lee DW, Lim H, Vhong HN, Shim WS (2009) Advances in chitosan material and its hybrid derivatives: a review. Biomaterials 1:10–20

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wongpanit P, Sanchavanakit N, Pavasant P, Supaphol P, Tokura S, Rujiravanit R (2005) Preparation and characterization of microwave-treated carboxymethyl chitin and carboxymethyl chitosan films for potential use in wound care application. Macromol Bio Sci 5(10):1001–1101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Zamani A, Henriksson D, Taherzadeh J (2010) A new foaming technique for production of superabsorbents from carboxymethyle chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 80:1091–1101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Zamani A, Taherzadeh MJ (2010) Effects of partial dehydration and freezing temperature on the morphology and water binding capacity of carboxymethyl chitosan-based superabsorbents. Ind Eng Chem Res 49:8094–8099

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Tantala JC, Rachtanapun C, Rachtanapun P (2012) Effect of molecular sizes, sources of chitosan and plasticizer types on properties of carboxymethyl chitosan films. Adv Mater Res 506:611–614

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Alekseeva M, Vadim Frolov EF, Nistratov V, Smirnova L (2009) The strength of chitosan films, the role of molecular weight, the degree of order, the nature of contre-ion. Prog on Chem and Appl of Chitin and its Derivatives XIV

  7. Caner C, Vergano PJ, Wiles JL (1998) Chitosan film mechanical and permeation properties as affected by acid, plasticizer, and storage. Food Sci Tech 63(6):1049–1053

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Fernández-Pana IZK, Pedroza-Islasb R, Maté JI (2010) Effect of drying conditions on the mechanical and barrier properties of films based on chitosan. Dry Technol 28(12):1350–1358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Liu N, Chen XG, Park HJ, Liu CG, Liu CS, Meng XH, Yu LJ (2006) Effect of MW and concentration of chitosan on antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli. Carbohydr Polym 64(1):60–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rachtanapun P, Jakkaew M, Suriyatem R (2012) Characterization of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan films from various sources and molecular sizes. Adv Mater Res 506:417–420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Srinivasa PC, Ramesh MN, Tharanathan RN (2007) Effect of plasticizer and fatty acids on mechanical and permeability characteristics of chitosan. Food Hydrocoll 21(7):1113–1122

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Suyatama NE, Tighzert L, Copinet A (2005) Effects of hydrophilic plasticizers on mechanical, thermal, and surface properties of chitosan films. Agric Food Chem 53(10):3950–3957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Pang HT, Chen XG, Park HJ, Cha DS, Kennedy JF (2007) Preparation and rheological properties of deoxycholate–chitosan and carboxymethyl–chitosan in aqueous systems. Carbohydr Polym 69(3):419–425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Martinez-Chamacho AP, Cortez-Rocha MO, Equerra-Brauer JM (2010) Chitosan composite films: thermal, structural, mechanical, and antifungal properties. Carbohydr Polym 82:305–315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. ASTM (1995) Standard test methods for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. In: Annual book of ASTM. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials

  16. ASTM (1995) Test methods for water vapor transmission of material. In: Annual book of ASTM. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials

  17. ASTM (1995) Standard test methods for oxygen gas transmission rate through plastic film and sheeting. In: Annual book of ASTM. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials

  18. Farag RK, Mohamed RR (2013) Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanogels for swelling studies and antimicrobial activity. Molecules 18:190–203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bidgoli H, Zamani A, Taherzadeh MJ (2010) Effect of carboxymethylation conditions on the water-binding capacity of chitosan-based superabsorbents. Carbohydr Res 345:2683–3689

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu M, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yu C, Cao S (2013) Preparation and structural analysis of chitosan films with and without sorbitol. Food Hydrocoll 33:186–191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Miranda MES, Marcolla C, Rodrígues CA, Wilhelm HM, Sierakowski MR, Bresolin TMB, Freitas RA (2006) Chitosan and N-carboxymethylchitosan: I. The role of N-carboxymethylation of chitosan in the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of its films. Polym Int 55:961–969

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bourtoom T (2008) Plasticizer effect on the properties of biodegradable blend film from rice starch-chitosan. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol 30:149–165

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lamim R, Freitas RA, Rudek EI, Wilhelm HM, Cavalcanti OA, Bresolin TMB (2006) Films of chitosan and N-carboxymethylchitosan. Part II: effect of plasticizers on their physiochemical properties. Polym Int 55(8):970–977

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Arvanitoyannis I, Aiba NAS (1998) Chitosan and gelatin based edible films:state diagrams, mechanical and permeation properties. J Carbohydr Polym 37(4):371–382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bozdemir OA, Tutas M (2003) Plasticiser effect on water vapor permeability properties of locust bean gum-based edible films. Turk J Chem 27:773–782

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Lazic VL, Budinski-Simendić J, Gvozdenovic JJ, Simendic B (2010) Barrier properties of coated and laminated polyolefin films for food packaging. Acta Phys Pol 117(5):855–858

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Elsabee MZ, Abdou ES (2013) Chitosan based edible films and coatings: a review. Mater Sci Eng 33:1819–1841

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by Isfahan University of Technology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran

    Shima Dayarian, Akram Zamani, Ahamd Moheb & Mahmood Masoomi

  2. Industrial Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran

    Akram Zamani

Authors
  1. Shima Dayarian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Akram Zamani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ahamd Moheb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mahmood Masoomi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akram Zamani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dayarian, S., Zamani, A., Moheb, A. et al. Physico-Mechanical Properties of Films of Chitosan, Carboxymethyl Chitosan, and Their Blends. J Polym Environ 22, 409–416 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-014-0672-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-014-0672-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation