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Paradigm-Shifters: Phosphorylated Prolactin and Short Prolactin Receptors

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Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since the discovery of physiologically-regulated prolactin (PRL) phosphorylation, one focus of the laboratory has been an examination of the different functions of the unmodified and phosphorylated hormone. In the mammary gland, unmodified PRL promotes growth activities, whereas phosphorylated or pseudophosphorylated PRL antagonizes this while also being a superior agonist for changes that favor differentiation. Phosphorylated PRL also increases expression of the short forms of the PRL receptor. These short forms of the receptor have functions beyond the accepted dominant negative and in mammary epithelial cells are capable of generating an intracellular signal leading to increased tight junction formation and β-casein expression.

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Abbreviations

PRL:

prolactin

S179D PRL:

prolactin in which the normally phosphorylated serine at position 179 is replaced with an aspartate

U-PRL:

recombinant unmodified PRL

PRLR:

prolactin receptor

ERK:

extracellular regulated kinase

Stat 5:

signal transducer and activation of transcription 5

γPAK:

gamma p21-activated kinase

VDR:

vitamin D receptor

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Acknowledgements

Work supported by California Breast Cancer Research Program grant, 10PB0127 and by a Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program predoctoral fellowship to KT Huang, BC051103. Also acknowledged is prior support from the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program, DAMD 17-00-1-0180. The authors would also like to acknowledge all previous and current members of the Walker lab and collaborators who have contributed to knowledge and discussions in the areas discussed

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  1. Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    KuangTzu Huang, Eric Ueda, YenHao Chen & Ameae M. Walker

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  1. KuangTzu Huang
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  2. Eric Ueda
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Correspondence to Ameae M. Walker.

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Huang, K., Ueda, E., Chen, Y. et al. Paradigm-Shifters: Phosphorylated Prolactin and Short Prolactin Receptors. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 13, 69–79 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-008-9072-x

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