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Screening of Botanical Extracts for Repellence against Western Corn Rootworm Larvae

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Abstract

The ability of western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) to develop resistance to various management practices requires the development of new management options. Repellent extracts can act as efficacy enhancing agents in WCR control. The present study investigated the potential repellence of garlic (Allium sativum L.), pepper (Capsicum sp. L), cape aloe (Aloe ferox Mill.), neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) derived extracts against WCR larvae in a no-choice bioassays. In initial screenings garlic and turmeric were evaluated as the most promising extracts as WCR larvae avoided garlic / turmeric treated soil. Turmeric was further evaluated in a rhizotron set up to quantify larval distribution and behavioral changes over time. WCR larvae avoided turmeric treated soil up to 0.05 m from its application in the root system, resulting in an increased dispersal and the formation of multiple clusters in the rhizotron. The proportion of larvae actively moving in the soil subsequently increased, whereas larval feeding significantly decreased. The spatial and behavioral alterations in the soil lead to the conclusion that turmeric is a repellent extract for WCR larvae. Turmeric repellence might further be exploited for WCR management through a synergy with insecticidal substances or microbial antagonists.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by means of the 7th Framework Programme of the European Union 282767 as a part of the project INBIOSOIL (http://inbiosoil.uni-goettingen.de). We would like to thank Bianca Tappe for her technical assistance, Chad Nielson for WCR eggs, and NeemBiotech Laboratory Units (Cardiff, United Kingdom) for providing the botanical extracts. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers who helped to improve the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, Georg-August-Universität, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    M. A. Brandl, M. Schumann & S. Vidal

  2. North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 2923 Medary Avenue, Brookings, SD, 57006, USA

    B. W. French

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  1. M. A. Brandl
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  2. M. Schumann
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  3. B. W. French
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  4. S. Vidal
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Correspondence to M. A. Brandl.

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Brandl, M.A., Schumann, M., French, B.W. et al. Screening of Botanical Extracts for Repellence against Western Corn Rootworm Larvae. J Insect Behav 29, 395–414 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10905-016-9571-3

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