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Solid-Phase Synthesis of Non-metal (S, N)-Doped Tin Oxide Nanopowders at Room Temperature and its Photodegradation Properties for Wastewater of Biomass Treatment

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Abstract

Tin oxide and sulfur, nitrogen-doped tin oxide nano-powder catalysts were prepared by a solid phase reaction at room temperature, using the sodium p-toluene sulfonate (STS) surfactant as template. Theoretical calculation of the dehydration reaction energy of tin hydroxide was performed with the framework of DFT and their structures were characterized. And the UV-light degradation performance and mechanism used for the biomass wastewater were discussed, as well as, its COD and NH3-N value. The results show that the large gap of the reaction energy between intramolecular dehydration (Er = 2.81 eV) and intermolecular dehydration (Er = 5.77 eV) for tin hydroxide causes the presence of amorphous SnO2 and metastable tin hydroxide at 450 °C. The entry of S and N into the (110) crystal plane of SnO2 reduces its energy band gap width, exhibiting the photocatalytic degradation rate (98.9%) of S + N-SnO2-STS sample for the rice straw powder treatment wastewater (RSPTW) irradiated by UV-light for 8 h. The excellent degradation capacity of RSPTW mainly comes from the hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxygen radicals (·O2−) produced by the rich hydroxyl on the surface of S + N-SnO2-STS due to the regulatory effect of STS and lower calcined temperature. The sewage discharge of photodegraded RSPTW complies with Chinese National Level II Standards.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported by Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, and Yingde City Originality New Materials Co., Ltd

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Changde, 415000, People’s Republic of China

    Shao-You Liu & Li-Hui Ou

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China

    Shao-You Liu, Qian Wang, Hong-Li Du & Wei-Jun Zhen

  3. Yingde City Originality New Materials Co., Ltd, Yingde, 513099, People’s Republic of China

    Shao-You Liu & You Long

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Liu, SY., Wang, Q., Ou, LH. et al. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Non-metal (S, N)-Doped Tin Oxide Nanopowders at Room Temperature and its Photodegradation Properties for Wastewater of Biomass Treatment. J Inorg Organomet Polym 32, 2748–2762 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-022-02296-y

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