Abstract
The anti-cancer activities of antibiotic anisomycin have been demonstrated in kidney, colon and ovarian cancers whereas its underlying mechanisms are not well elucidated. In this work, we investigated whether anisomycin is effective in sensitizes osteosarcoma cell response to chemotherapy. We show that anisomycin inhibits proliferation via inducing osteosarcoma cell arrest at G2/M phase, accompanied by the increased levels of mitotic marker cyclin B and the decreased levels of Rb and E2F-1. Anisomycin also induces apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner in osteosarcoma cells. Importantly, anisomycin is less effective in normal control NIH3T3 cells compared to osteosarcoma cells. In addition, anisomycin inhibits osteosarcoma growth in xenograft mouse model and enhances the inhibitory effects of doxorubicin in osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, anisomycin targets mitochondrial biogenesis in osteosarcoma as shown by the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed mitochondrial respiration via decreasing complex I activity, reduced ATP production. Furthermore, mitochondrial biogenesis stimulator acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) significantly rescues the inhibitory effects of anisomycin in osteosarcoma cells. Our work demonstrates that anisomycin is active against osteosarcoma cells and the molecular mechanism of its action is the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abarrategi A, Tornin J, Martinez-Cruzado L, Hamilton A, Martinez-Campos E, Rodrigo JP et al (2016) Osteosarcoma: cells-of-origin, cancer stem cells, and targeted therapies. Stem Cells Int 2016:3631764. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3631764.
Abayasiriwardana KS, Barbone D, Kim KU, Vivo C, Lee KK, Dansen TB et al (2007) Malignant mesothelioma cells are rapidly sensitized to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by low-dose anisomycin via Bim. Mol Cancer Ther 6(10):2766–2776. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0278
Angulo P, Kaushik G, Subramaniam D, Dandawate P, Neville K, Chastain K et al (2017) Natural compounds targeting major cell signaling pathways: a novel paradigm for osteosarcoma therapy. J Hematol Oncol 10(1):10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-016-0373-z.
Barros LF, Young M, Saklatvala J, Baldwin SA (1997) Evidence of two mechanisms for the activation of the glucose transporter GLUT1 by anisomycin: p38(MAP kinase) activation and protein synthesis inhibition in mammalian cells. J Physiol 504(Pt 3):517–525
Bhat M, Robichaud N, Hulea L, Sonenberg N, Pelletier J, Topisirovic I (2015) Targeting the translation machinery in cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 14(4):261–278. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4505
Blanchet E, Annicotte JS, Lagarrigue S, Aguilar V, Clape C, Chavey C et al (2011) E2F transcription factor-1 regulates oxidative metabolism. Nat Cell Biol 13(9):1146–1152. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb2309
Cassano P, Sciancalepore AG, Pesce V, Fluck M, Hoppeler H, Calvani M et al (2006) Acetyl-L-carnitine feeding to unloaded rats triggers in soleus muscle the coordinated expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1757(9–10):1421–1428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.05.019
Chen Q, Liu X, Xu L, Wang Y, Wang S, Li Q et al (2016) Long non-coding RNA BACE1-AS is a novel target for anisomycin-mediated suppression of ovarian cancer stem cell proliferation and invasion. Oncol Rep 35(4):1916–1924. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4571
Grollman AP (1967) Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis. II. Mode of action of anisomycin. J Biol Chem 242(13):3226–3233
Kalghatgi S, Spina CS, Costello JC, Liesa M, Morones-Ramirez JR, Slomovic S et al (2013) Bactericidal antibiotics induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in mammalian cells. Sci Transl Med 5(192):192ra85. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3006055
Lamb R, Ozsvari B, Lisanti CL, Tanowitz HB, Howell A, Martinez-Outschoorn UE et al (2015) Antibiotics that target mitochondria effectively eradicate cancer stem cells, across multiple tumor types: treating cancer like an infectious disease. Oncotarget 6(7):4569–4584. 10.18632/oncotarget.3174
Li Y, Wu X, Jin X, Wang J, Togo Y, Suzuki T et al (2017) Enhancement of death receptor 4-mediated apoptosis and cytotoxicity in renal cell carcinoma cells by anisomycin. Anti-Cancer Drugs 28(2):180–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/CAD.0000000000000450
Liu Y, Ge J, Li Q, Guo X, Gu L, Ma ZG et al (2014) Low-dose anisomycin sensitizes glucocorticoid-resistant T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-C1 cells to dexamethasone-induced apoptosis through activation of glucocorticoid receptor and p38-MAPK/JNK. Leuk Lymphoma 55(9):2179–2188. https://doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2013.866664
Malkin D, Jolly KW, Barbier N, Look AT, Friend SH, Gebhardt MC et al (1992) Germline mutations of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene in children and young adults with second malignant neoplasms. N Engl J Med 326(20):1309–1315. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199205143262002
Novac O, Guenier AS, Pelletier J (2004) Inhibitors of protein synthesis identified by a high throughput multiplexed translation screen. Nucleic Acids Res 32(3):902–915. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh235
Skrtic M, Sriskanthadevan S, Jhas B, Gebbia M, Wang X, Wang Z et al (2011) Inhibition of mitochondrial translation as a therapeutic strategy for human acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell 20(5):674–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2011.10.015
Song H, Xiong H, Che J, Xi QS, Huang L, Xiong HH et al (2016) Gel-based chemical cross-linking analysis of 20S proteasome subunit-subunit interactions in breast cancer. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol Med Sci = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao Yixue Yingdewen ban 36(4):564–570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-016-1626-3.
Tang N, Song WX, Luo J, Haydon RC, He TC (2008) Osteosarcoma development and stem cell differentiation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 466(9):2114–2130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-008-0335-z
Ushijima H, Horyozaki A, Maeda M (2016) Anisomycin-induced GATA-6 degradation accompanying a decrease of proliferation of colorectal cancer cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 478(1):481–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.139
Weinberg SE, Chandel NS (2015) Targeting mitochondria metabolism for cancer therapy. Nat Chem Biol 11(1):9–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.1712.
Wu L, Timmers C, Maiti B, Saavedra HI, Sang L, Chong GT et al (2001) The E2F1-3 transcription factors are essential for cellular proliferation. Nature 414(6862):457–462. https://doi.org/10.1038/35106593
Wu PK, Chen WM, Chen CF, Lee OK, Haung CK, Chen TH (2009) Primary osteogenic sarcoma with pulmonary metastasis: clinical results and prognostic factors in 91 patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol 39(8):514–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyp057
Yang B, El Nahas AM, Fisher M, Wagner B, Huang L, Storie I et al (2004) Inhibitors directed towards caspase-1 and -3 are less effective than pan caspase inhibition in preventing renal proximal tubular cell apoptosis. Nephron Exp Nephrol 96(2):e39–e51. https://doi.org/10.1159/000076403
Yu M, Li R, Zhang J (2016) Repositioning of antibiotic levofloxacin as a mitochondrial biogenesis inhibitor to target breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.02.072
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a research grant provided by Xiangyang Central Hospital (201416081869).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
All authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Chuanhua Cao and Haiying Yu are equal contributors and co-first authors.
Electronic supplementary material
Supplementary Fig. S1
(DOC 32 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cao, C., Yu, H., Wu, F. et al. Antibiotic anisomycin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis in osteosarcoma. J Bioenerg Biomembr 49, 437–443 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-017-9734-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-017-9734-8