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ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defect

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Abstract

The use of 3D scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) enhanced with therapeutic ions, biomolecules and cells is emerging as a strategy to improve bone healing. In this paper, the osteogenic capability of ZnO-enriched MBG scaffolds loaded or not with osteostatin (OST) and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated after implantation in New Zealand rabbits. Cylindrical meso-macroporous scaffolds with composition (mol %) 82.2SiO2–10.3CaO–3.3P2O5–4.2ZnO (4ZN) were obtained by rapid prototyping and then, coated with gelatin for easy handling and potentiating the release of inorganic ions and OST. Bone defects (7.5 mm diameter, 12 mm depth) were drilled in the distal femoral epiphysis and filled with 4ZN, 4ZN + MSC, 4ZN + OST or 4ZN + MSC + OST materials to evaluate and compare their osteogenic features. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 months extracting the distal third of bone specimens for necropsy, histological, and microtomography (µCT) evaluations. Systems investigated exhibited bone regeneration capability. Thus, trabecular bone volume density (BV/TV) values obtained from µCT showed that the good bone healing capability of 4ZN was significantly improved by the scaffolds coated with OST and MSC. Our findings in vivo suggest the interest of these MBG complete systems to improve bone repair in the clinical practice.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, grant number PI15/00978 co-financed with the European Union FEDER funds, the European Research Council, Advanced Grant Verdi-Proposal No. 694160 (ERC-2015-AdG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain

    D. Lozano, C. Heras, S. Sánchez-Salcedo, J. C. Doadrio, M. Vallet-Regí & A. J. Salinas

  2. Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain

    D. Lozano, S. Sánchez-Salcedo, M. Vallet-Regí & A. J. Salinas

  3. Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain

    J. Gil-Albarova, V. E. Gómez-Palacio & A. Gómez-Blasco

  4. Departamento de Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    J. Gil-Albarova

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  1. D. Lozano
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  2. J. Gil-Albarova
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  4. S. Sánchez-Salcedo
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  8. M. Vallet-Regí
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  9. A. J. Salinas
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Contributions

Conceptualization, DL, JGA, and AJS; Funding acquisition, MVR and AJS; Investigation, DL, CH, SSS, EGP, and AGB; Methodology, JGA, CH, EGP, AGB and JCD; Supervision, JGA, MVR and AJS; Validation, DL and JGA; Visualization, DL and JGA; Writing–original draft, DL and JGA; Writing–review & editing, DL, JGA, CH, SSS, and AJS. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the paper.

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Correspondence to J. Gil-Albarova or A. J. Salinas.

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Lozano, D., Gil-Albarova, J., Heras, C. et al. ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defect. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 31, 100 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06439-w

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