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Controlled release behavior of sulfentrazone herbicide encapsulated in Ca-ALG microparticles: preparation, characterization, mathematical modeling and release tests in field trial weed control

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Abstract

The use of herbicides is important to eliminate losses of weed interference on crops. However, excessive and inappropriate employment of these substances can cause serious consequences to the environment. In this way, the release system is very attractive for the weed control in the agriculture area. The aim of this work was to study a new delivery system for sulfentrazone herbicide encapsulated into the calcium alginate (Ca-ALG) microparticles for the weed control. The alginate microparticles were prepared via ionotropic gelation method and characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The controlled release (M t /M ∞ vs. time) of the sulfentrazone herbicide was also analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy where we proposed different mathematical models to understand the mechanisms of controlled release of the herbicide. Furthermore, the release tests in field trial weed control were conducted using bioindicator species (Cucumis Sativus—Cucumber) to study the phytotoxicity evaluation caused by the Ca-ALG microparticles at different concentrations and their relationship with leaching depth. The results showed that the Ca-ALG microparticles exhibited good encapsulation efficiency (%EE): 76.11, 78.62, and 80.42% for the 4, 5 and 6 g L−1 concentration of herbicide. The release rates in the region I were 39.2, 46.5, and 35.5 mg s−1 for the 4, 5, and 6 g L−1 of herbicide concentration, respectively. The Ca-ALG microparticles containing sulfentrazone herbicide demonstrated potential application in controlled release platforms in agricultural as well as for controlling of weeds and minimization of leaching processes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Laboratory of Plasma Technology/LaPTec—State University of São Paulo—UNESP, Federal University of Mato Grosso—UFMT for providing the laboratories facilities, FAPEG and FAPEMIG. The research was financially supported by CAPES and CNPq.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Institute Goiano – IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil

    S. M. Dourado Junior & E. S. Nunes

  2. Rede Arco Norte, Federal Institute Goiano – IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil

    R. P. Marques

  3. Sorocaba Technological College - FATEC, Av. Engenheiro Carlos Reinaldo Mendes, 2015, Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, SP, 18013-280, Brazil

    L. S. Rossino

  4. Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110, Bairro do Itinga, Sorocaba, SP, 18.052-780, Brazil

    L. S. Rossino

  5. Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, 36033-330, Brazil

    F. J. Quites

  6. Institute of Exact Sciences, Naturals and Education, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Avenida Doutor Randolfo 15 Borges Júnior, Univerdecidade, Uberaba, MG, 38.064-200, Brazil

    J. R. Siqueira Jr. & J. A. Moreto

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  1. S. M. Dourado Junior
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Dourado Junior, S.M., Nunes, E.S., Marques, R.P. et al. Controlled release behavior of sulfentrazone herbicide encapsulated in Ca-ALG microparticles: preparation, characterization, mathematical modeling and release tests in field trial weed control. J Mater Sci 52, 9491–9507 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1103-9

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