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Nitroxide-mediated radical copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene: increased polymerization rate by using TBEC as initiator

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Abstract

Nitroxide-mediated radical copolymerizations of styrene and divinylbenzene using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinoxyl (TEMPO) as controller were performed to produce crosslinked polymers. Tert-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate (TBEC) was used instead of conventional initiators such as benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in order to enhance the polymerization rate while trying to keep the controlled characteristics of the system. The effect of temperature, initial concentration of initiator, and ratio of TEMPO to initiator on conversion, molecular weight averages, and polydispersity was investigated. It was observed that, when using TBEC, it was possible to produce controlled copolymer in a faster rate when compared to conventional initiators, like BPO.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from FAPESP, CAPES and CNPq (Brazil), CONACYT (Project CIAM U40259-Y) (Mexico), and NSERC/CRO/CRC (Canada), for a special Inter-American Materials Collaboration (IAMC or CIAM) joint project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering School, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    T. R. Nogueira & L. M. F. Lona

  2. Institute for Polymer Research (IPR), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada

    N. T. McManus & A. Penlidis

  3. Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510, Mexico, DF, Mexico

    E. Vivaldo-Lima

Authors
  1. T. R. Nogueira
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  2. L. M. F. Lona
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  3. N. T. McManus
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  4. E. Vivaldo-Lima
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  5. A. Penlidis
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. M. F. Lona.

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Nogueira, T.R., Lona, L.M.F., McManus, N.T. et al. Nitroxide-mediated radical copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene: increased polymerization rate by using TBEC as initiator. J Mater Sci 45, 1878–1884 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-4172-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-4172-6

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