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Nutrient removal from the centrate of anaerobic digestion of high ammonium industrial wastewater by a semi-continuous culture of Arthrospira sp. and Nostoc sp. PCC 7413

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Abstract

The feasibility of the semi-continuous cultivation of Arthrospira (Spirulina) sp. and Nostoc sp. PCC 7413, using the centrate from the anaerobic digestion of wastewater from a seafood canning industry as a nutrient source, was assessed. Semi-continuous cultures were carried out in aerated tubular culture units of 250 mL by replacing a 10–20% of the volume with the centrate every 2 days. Growth, ammonium, and nitrate removal were monitored, as well as phycobiliprotein and protein production by Arthrospira sp. and released exopolysaccharides production by Nostoc sp. PCC 7413. The ammonium removal efficiency by Arthrospira sp. was 84.9 ± 1.9% in a culture maintained with an ammonium concentration of 11.3 mM. Lower ammonium concentrations (4.9 mM) could be applied to Nostoc sp. PCC 7413, reaching similar relative removal efficiency (84.1%). Taking into account the high ammonium stripping that occurs at the high pH required in Arthrospira sp. cultures, results indicate a better nutrient removal by Nostoc sp., although Arthrospira sp. is more suitable for working at high ammonium concentrations. Since all the ammonium was removed during the first 24 h for both species, much lower residence time could be supported by the cultures. High concentrations of protein (2.5 ± 0.2 mg mL−1), phycobiliprotein (allophycocyanin, 84.3 ± 10.2 mg g−1; phycocyanin, 73.7 ± 7.7 mg g−1) were obtained by Arthrospira sp. cultures. A high concentration of released exopolysaccharides (962.7 ± 26.7 mg L−1) was also obtained for Nostoc sp. PCC 7413 when cultured in the anaerobic centrate. The results indicate the possibility of the use of filamentous cyanobacteria for the treatment of industrial effluents rich in ammonium, with different possibilities of valorization of the biomass produced.

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Acknowledgments

Xavier Álvarez was supported by a scholarship from Secretaria de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT) of the National Government of the Republic of Ecuador. This work has been partially supported by a Grant from the Consellería de Industria, Xunta de Galicia (Programa de Consolidación y estructuración de Unidades de Investigación Competitivas, GPC2014/019). The digestates have been kindly provided by JB Ingenieros, Vigo (Pontevedra) Spain.

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  1. Xavier Álvarez

    Present address: Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s/n y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador

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  1. Departamento de Microbioloxía y Parasitoloxía e Instituto de Acuicultura, Facultade de Bioloxía, Edificio CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Rúa de Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Xavier Álvarez & Ana Otero

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Álvarez, X., Otero, A. Nutrient removal from the centrate of anaerobic digestion of high ammonium industrial wastewater by a semi-continuous culture of Arthrospira sp. and Nostoc sp. PCC 7413. J Appl Phycol 32, 2785–2794 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02175-4

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