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Thermal Conductivity of \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{Fe}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{4}\) Magnetic Nanofluids Under the Influence of Magnetic Field

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Abstract

In this paper, the thermal conductivity of water-based hematite \((\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3})\) and magnetite \((\mathrm{Fe}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{4})\) nanofluids have been investigated in the absence and presence of a uniform magnetic field. The experiments have been performed in the volume concentration range of 0 % to 4.8 % and the temperature range of \(20\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}\) to \(60\,^{\circ }\mathrm{C}\). The effects of the particle volume fraction, temperature, and magnetic field strength on the thermal conductivity have been analyzed. Results show that the thermal conductivity of iron oxide nanofluids has a direct relation with the particle volume fraction and temperature, without the presence of a magnetic field. But surprisingly, when the magnetic field is applied, it is observed that the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing temperature and it is also higher for a magnetite nanofluid than for a hematite nanofluid. Moreover, changes in the strength of the magnetic field cause the thermal-conductivity ratio of the ferrofluid with respect to pure water to increase from 15 % to 38.5 % and from 13 % to 175 % for magnetite and hematite nanofluids, respectively. Based on the obtained experimental results, a correlation has been developed for the thermal conductivity of iron oxide magnetic nanofluids as a function of the volume fraction, temperature, and magnetic field strength.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Amir Karimi & Mehdi Ashjaee

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

    Mohammad Goharkhah

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Behshad Shafii

Authors
  1. Amir Karimi
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  2. Mohammad Goharkhah
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  3. Mehdi Ashjaee
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  4. Mohammad Behshad Shafii
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Correspondence to Mohammad Goharkhah.

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Karimi, A., Goharkhah, M., Ashjaee, M. et al. Thermal Conductivity of \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{Fe}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{4}\) Magnetic Nanofluids Under the Influence of Magnetic Field. Int J Thermophys 36, 2720–2739 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-015-1977-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-015-1977-1

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