Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Multilayer Waveguide Window for Wide-Bandwidth Millimeter Wave Tubes

  • Published:
International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A multilayer waveguide window is demonstrated to exhibit wide bandwidth and high transmission for applications in high-frequency microwave tubes. A transfer matrix approach is employed to discretize the dielectric function profile of the multilayer heterostructure in a rectangular waveguide. The closed form has been obtained and the corresponding reflection and transmission characteristics have been carried out. The analytical calculation is also compared with the result of numerical simulation via the finite-element code HFSS. The exact calculation agrees with the numerical simulation very well. By comparison, the approach not only enhances the accuracy and efficiency, but also gives a good criterion for the design. The results show that the bandwidth for a transmission of 99%, i.e., S 11 below –20 dB, can be optimized to be about 8.75 GHz at a central frequency of 35 GHz or about 25%. A wide-bandwidth waveguide window can be easily designed for Ka-band and W-band tubes, and even for higher frequency ones.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. H. Jasberg and J. V. Lebacqz, “High power microwave windows,” In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Microwave Tubes, September 14–18, Paris, 246–250 (1964).

  2. C. Pappas, A. J. Prommer, and A. J. Smith, “High average power microwave windows,” In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Microwave Tubes, September 14–18, Paris, 254–255 (1964).

  3. D. H. Preist, R. C. Talcott, and R. Hayes, “Improvements to high power microwave windows,” In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Microwave Tubes, September 14–18, Paris, 266–271 (1964).

  4. H. Arai, N. Goto, Y. Ikeda, and T. Imai, “An analysis of a vacuum window for lower hybrid heating,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 14, 947–954 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. H. Nakatsuka, N. Yoshida, and I. Fukai, “Three-dimensional analysis of a vacuum window connected to waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 16, 416–422 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Ikeda, T. Imai, and K. Sakamoto, “Discharge at the pillbox window for an LHRF launcher,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 17, 534–540 (1989).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Michizono, Y. Saito, S. Yamaguchi, S. Anami, N. Matuda, and A. Kinbara, “Dielectric materials for use as output window in high-power klystrons,” IEEE Trans. Electr. Insul. 28, 692–699 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. K. Jenny and F. E. Vaccaro, “A step-type broadband, X-band ceramic waveguide window,” IRE Trans. Electron Devices 3, 30–32 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  9. R. Walls, S. Bernabei, and H. E. Evans, “Fabrication of phased array microwave waveguides windows,” In: Proceedings of the 13th Symposium of IEEE on Fusion Engineering 1, 205–206 (1989).

  10. L. Shunkang, “A fast computational technique for RF window in millimeter wave tubes,” Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves 15, 857–860 (1994).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Pisharody, P. Barnes, E. Chojnacki, R. Durand, T. Hays, R. Kaplan, J. Kirchgessner, J. Reilly, H. Padamsee, and J. Sears, “High power window tests on a 500 MHz planar waveguide window for the CESR upgrade,” In: Proceedings of the 1995 Part. Accel. Conference, 3, 1720–1722 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Y. Otake, S. Tokumoto, and H. Mizuno, “Design and high-power test of a TE11-mode X-band RF window with taper transitions,” In: Proceedings of the Part. Accel. Conference, 3, 1590–1592 (1995).

  13. E. Chojnacki, T. Hays, J. Kirchgessner, H. Padamsee, M. Cole, and T. Schultheiss, “Design of a high average power waveguide window,” In: Proceedings of the 1997 Part. Accel. Conference, 3, 3177–3179 (1997).

  14. H. Z. De, “Direct sealing of millimeter-wave transmission windows,” In: Proceedings of the 1998 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology, 718–721 (1998).

  15. T. Schultheiss, V. Christina, M. Cole, J. Rathke, T. Elliott, V. Nguyen, L. Phillips, and J. Preble, “A high thermal conductivity waveguide window for use in a free electron laser,” In: Proceedings of the 1999 Part. Accel. Conference, New York, 2, 780–782 (1999).

  16. V. Nguyen, H. L. Phillips, and J. Preble, “Development of a 50 kW CW L-band rectangular window for Jefferson Lab FEL Cryomodule,” In: Proceedings of the 1999 Part. Accel. Conference, New York, 2, 1459–1461 (1999).

  17. M. E. Hill, R. S. Callin, and D. H. Whittum, “High-power vacuum window in WR10,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 49, 994–995 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M. C. Lin, H. M. Chung, and A. Burke, “An analytical approach for the fast design of high power waveguide windows,” Wave Motion 37, 183–188 (2003).

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author would like to acknowledge the helpful discussion and encouragement of Prof. Kwo-Ray Chu, at National Thing Hua University, Taiwan, R. O. C. This work was partially supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan, R. O. C. under Grant No. NSC 95-2112-M-030-002, the National Center for Theoretical Sciences, and the National Center for High-performance Computing, Taiwan, R. O. C. which provides the HFSS code and the computing resources.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NanoScience Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei County, 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Ming-Chieh Lin

  2. Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Ming-Chieh Lin

Authors
  1. Ming-Chieh Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ming-Chieh Lin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lin, MC. A Multilayer Waveguide Window for Wide-Bandwidth Millimeter Wave Tubes. Int J Infrared Milli Waves 28, 355–362 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-007-9207-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-007-9207-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation