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Comparative phylogeography and genetic connectivity of two crustacean species with contrasting life histories on South Atlantic sandy beaches

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Abstract

The life histories of species influence the connectivity between populations, for example the dispersal potential, fecundity, and population size. We compare the phylogeography and genetic connectivity of two sandy-beach crustaceans with contrasting dispersal potentials and population traits in Brazil, based on the 16S mitochondrial gene. While the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata possesses high fecundity, long-lived planktonic larvae, and lower population densities of adults, the isopod Excirolana braziliensis is a brooder with low fecundity and higher population densities. Phylogenetic analysis of haplotype networks yielded contrasting results for the two species. Four different lineages were observed for E. braziliensis, while O. quadrata showed a low genetic structure, sharing haplotypes over ~ 7,000 km. For the isopod, the two most frequent lineages (‘North A’ and ‘South A’ lineages) showed distribution range limits that agreed with the tropical-subtropical transition of 22°S, while the others were sympatric, less frequent, and uncommon. While the ‘North A’ showed high haplotype diversity with a high structure, the ‘South A’ showed shared haplotypes and low genetic structure. Our results suggest that the contrasting life histories affect the population connectivity and genetic structure. The genetic patterns of the two species should be considered in the management and conservation of sandy-beach ecosystems.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Andre Lanna, Carlos Barboza, Elinia Lopes, and Viviane Monteiro for providing samples; María Chaumet for helping with the English of the draft; and Janet Reid for the final review as native English speakers. We thank Dr Cecile Fauvelot and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive inputs during preparation of this manuscript. The research was conducted under permits from the Brazilian government [Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade (ICMBio/SISBIO) #10238-1 and #33628-2]. This is part of the PhD Thesis of GM, with CAPES (2012–14) and FAPERJ (2014–16) (E-26/100.230/2014) scholarships. GM is supported by a postdoctoral research fellowship from FUNBIO, VCS is supported by a postdoctoral research fellowship from CAPES, and PCP is supported by a research fellowship awarded by CNPq.

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Mattos, G., Seixas, V.C. & Paiva, P.C. Comparative phylogeography and genetic connectivity of two crustacean species with contrasting life histories on South Atlantic sandy beaches. Hydrobiologia 826, 319–330 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3744-3

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